支链氨基酸代谢机制研究进展

Research progress in metabolic mechanism of branched chain amino acids

支链氨基酸是人体营养必需氨基酸。它们不仅是蛋白质的基本构成单位,而且作为调节糖脂代谢、细胞凋亡和自噬的信号分子发挥着重要的生理功能。除了合成代谢外,分解代谢在支链氨基酸代谢中也同样发挥着重要作用。支链氨基酸代谢异常与胰岛素抵抗、糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化、肿瘤等疾病的进展密切相关。然而其代谢机制并不十分清楚,本文现将支链氨基酸的代谢途径及各器官的分解代谢特点作一综述。

Branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)is the body’s nutrient essential amino acid.They are not only the basic units of proteins,but also play an important physiological role as signaling molecules regulating glucose and lipid metabolism,apoptosis and autophagy.In addition to anabolism,catabolism also plays an important role in branched-chain amino acid metabolism.Metabolic abnormalities in branched-chain amino acid are associated with the progression of diseases such as insulin resistance,diabetes,arteriosclerosis,and cancers.However,the metabolic mechanism of BCAA is not very clear.This article reviews the branchedchain amino acid metabolic pathway and metabolism of various organs.