大连市畜禽养殖周边水体抗生素污染特征及生态风险评估

ANTIBIOTIC POLLUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF WATER BODIES AROUND LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY BREEDING IN DALIAN

为评价大连地区畜禽养殖区周边水体抗生素的污染状况和生态风险,建立了大体积直接进样/液相色谱-质谱法,分析畜禽养殖区周边水体中6类22种抗生素的赋存浓度、时空分布特征,并利用风险熵值法进行生态风险评估。结果表明:1)畜禽养殖区周边水体中19种抗生素均有不同程度检出,检出浓度在2~2590 ng/L;2)畜禽养殖区周边水体抗生素的分布特征为河流水>水塘水>地下水,抗生素浓度枯水期>丰水期,不同类型抗生素空间分布规律差异明显;3)畜禽养殖区周边水体中,罗红霉素、脱水红霉素、诺氟沙星和磺胺甲噁唑存在高生态风险,其余种类呈现中低风险。研究显示,大连地区畜禽养殖区周边水体中抗生素含量水平中等偏高,大环内酯类、磺胺类抗生素是主要风险因子。

In order to evaluate the pollution status and ecological risks of antibiotics in the surrounding water bodies of livestock and poultry breeding areas in Dalian,a large-volume direct injection/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method was established to analyze the occurrence concentration,time and space distribution characteristics of 22 antibiotics in 6 categories in these areas,and the risk quotient method was used to carry out the ecological risk assessment.The results showed that:1)19 kinds of antibiotics were detected in different degrees in the surrounding water of livestock and poultry breeding areas,and the detected concentration was 2 to 2590 ng/L;2)The distribution characteristics of antibiotics in the surrounding water of livestock and poultry breeding areas showed a squence of the surface water>the pond water>the groundwater,and the antibiotic concentration was higher in the dry season and lower in the wet season,and the spatial distribution of different types of antibiotics was significantly different;3)Roxithromycin,dehydrated erythromycin,norfloxacin and sulfamethoxazole in the surrounding water bodies of livestock and poultry breeding areas had high ecological risks,while the other species had medium and low risks.The research showed that the antibiotic content in the surrounding water of livestock and poultry breeding areas in Dalian was moderately high,and macrolide and sulfonamide antibiotics were the main risk factors.