我国淡水中卡马西平的水质基准初探及生态风险评估

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON WATER QUALITY CRITERIA AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF CARBAMAZEPINE IN FRESHWATER IN CHINA

卡马西平使用量较大且在自然水体中检出率较高,是一种重要的微污染物。基于卡马西平对我国淡水生物的急慢性毒性数据,推导保护我国淡水生物的水质基准。结合我国地表水中卡马西平暴露浓度数据,评估我国淡水环境中卡马西平的生态风险。结果表明:1)卡马西平的急性数据涵盖5门8科10个物种,其中,水螅(Hydra vulgaris)是最敏感的物种;慢性数据涵盖4门10科18个物种,其中,静水椎实螺(Lymnaea stagnalis)是最敏感的物种;2)毒性百分数排序法推导卡马西平的短期与长期基准值分别为2.17,0.0034 mg/L;物种敏感度分布法推导卡马西平的短期与长期基准值分别为7.49,0.004 mg/L;综合评判认为宜采用物种敏感度分布法推导的水质基准值;3)共收集2010—2022年我国地表水中卡马西平的浓度数据338个,使用概率评估法对我国地表水进行了风险评估,结果显示卡马西平的整体风险较低。该研究将为卡马西平的环境管理提供数据支撑和科学指导。

Carbamazepine is an important micro-pollutant with high usage and detection rate in natural water.Based on the acute and chronic toxicity data of carbamazepine to freshwater organisms in China,the water quality criteria were derived for protecting freshwater organisms in China.Based on the exposure concentration data of carbamazepine in surface water in China,the ecological risk of carbamazepine in freshwater environment was assessed.The results showed that:1)The acute toxicity data of oxytetracycline involved 10 species of 8 families in 5 phyla,and the most sensitive species was Hydra vulgaris;the chronic data involved 18 species of 10 families in 4 phyla,and the most sensitive species was Lymnaea stagnalis;2)The short-term and the long-term water quality criteria of carbamazepine derived by the toxicity percentage ranking method were 2.17 mg/L and 0.0034 mg/L,respectively;the short-term and the long-term water quality criteria of carbamazepine derived by the species sensitivity distribution method were 7.49 mg/L and 0.004 mg/L,respectively.According to the comprehensive evaluation,the species sensitivity distribution method was superior to the toxicity percentage ranking method;3)A total of 338 carbamazepine concentration data in major water bodies in year 2010 to 2022 were collected,and the ecological risk of carbamazepine was evaluated by use of the probability assessment method,and it was found that the carbamazepine in surface water posed little risk to aquatic organisms.Therefore,this study will provide data support and scientific guidance for the environmental management of carbamazepine in China.