放射性废树脂处理和整备技术进展

REVIEW OF TREATMENT AND CONDITIONING OF SPENT RADIOACTIVE RESIN

放射性废树脂的安全处理与处置是影响核能健康、可持续发展的重要因素之一。综述了国际上放射性废树脂处理与整备技术,如水泥固化、化学氧化、焚烧、超临界水氧化、超压处理等,从基本原理、技术特点、二次废物、减容比和应用现状等方面进行了比较分析,明确了当前处理与整备技术的发展理念是实现“废物最小化”和废物处置长期稳定性。其中超临界水氧化、蒸汽重整、冷坩埚等新技术是未来的发展方向。分别指出了其所面临的问题和研究重点。最后,结合实际需要,提出了我国放射性废树脂处理与整备技术的发展思路和重点研究方向。

Safe treatment and disposal of radioactive spent resin is an important issue for health and sustainable development of the nuclear energy industry.This article reviewed systematically the main treatment and conditioning technologies of radioactive spent resin,including cement solidification,chemical oxidation,incineration,supercritical water oxidation,supercompaction,etc.The basic principle,technological process,technical features,secondary waste,reduction ratio and application of various technologies were compared.The new technologies such as supercritical water oxidation(SCWO),steam reformation and cold crucible were discussed.Indicated waste resin treatment development ideas were"waste minimization"and long-term safe disposal.SCWO,steam reformation,cold crucible and other new treatment technologies were development direction.These special technique challenges and research emphases were described and proposed,respectively.Finally,combing with the need of China’s nuclear development,radioactive waste resin treatment and conditioning technology research and development suggestions were actually provided.