加密货币交易平台破产情况下用户取回权探讨——以域外交易平台破产案为例

Discussion on User's Recall Right in Crypto-Exchange Platform Bankruptcies Bankruptcy Case Studies of Multiple Foreign

加密货币作为合法私有财产,在普通法系中已被认作财产权客体,于大陆法系亦可被视作物权客体。二者均具备对世性,持有人破产时,权利人可取回其财产。在加密货币交易平台破产背景下,应根据私钥掌握情况及具体存储方式、协议条款等确定加密货币真实归属、判定用户取回权成立与否——如Torque案平台所提供的存管性质服务与托管性质服务、Cryptopia案平台与用户成立信托关系、MtGox案由平台掌握私钥等,而非一概否定。

Cryptocurrency,as a legal private property,has been regarded as the object of property right in the common law system.Also,it can be regarded as the object of real right in the civil law system.Both are"right in rem".In the event of bankruptcy of the holder,the true owner may require the returning of the orig-inal object.Whether the user's recall right is Established shall be determined according to the relevant circumstances,such as situation of private key,specific ways of storage,and agreement terms,rather than be totally denied-For instance,MtGox controlled private key:Torque provided depository service and custodial service;And Cyptopia hold the digital assets on trust for accountholders.