口腔微生物与阿尔茨海默病相关性的研究进展

Relationship between Alzheimer′s disease and oral microbiome:research progress

口腔微生物组是人体五大菌库之一,其微生态失衡不仅在牙周炎和龋齿等口腔疾病中发挥主要作用,还与全身诸多疾病紧密相关。阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)是一种神经系统退行性疾病,随着社会人口老龄化的加剧,其防治已成为严重的公共卫生问题。大量研究表明,AD与某些口腔致病菌及其微生态失衡显著相关。本文就口腔微生物与AD的关系作一综述,总结了口腔微生物影响AD的可能机制,并在此基础上初步推测不同的微生物与AD间的潜在关系。为进一步治疗和预防AD,人们除了关注AD患者大脑的病理改变外,还应关注患者的口腔微生态平衡。

Oral microbiome is one of the five major microbial communities of human body.Its microecological imbalance not only plays an important role in oral diseases such as periodontitis and dental caries,but also closely relates to many systemic diseases.Alzheimer′s disease(AD)is a degenerative disease of nervous system.With the aging of population,the prevention and treatment of the disease have become an serious public health problem in China.Increasing studies have revealed that AD is significantly associated with certain oral pathogenetic bacteria and its microecological balance.This review summarized the connection between oral microbiome and AD.We reviewed the possible mechanisms and preliminarily hypothesize the potential relationship between various oral microbiota and AD.For the purpose of providing further therapy and prevention methods,it is necessary to pay attention to oral microecological balance in addition to the pathological changes in brain in AD patients.