“农转非”、劳动力流动与劳动收入份额

Household registration reform,labor transfer and Labor Income Share

提高劳动收入份额是实现共同富裕的重要路径。基于手工收集的城市层面户籍制度改革数据与微观企业的匹配数据,利用户籍制度改革作为自然实验来研究劳动力市场改革对劳动收入份额的因果效应。研究发现:劳动力市场改革显著增加了企业的劳动收入份额。异质性效应表明,这种正向效应在高创新企业、低融资约束企业、非国有企业、小规模企业、劳动密集型企业和发达地区企业中更为明显。机制检验发现,劳动力市场改革通过破除户籍壁垒显著增加了企业雇佣规模、人均薪酬与企业绩效,从而提高了劳动收入份额。研究结果对于进一步深化户籍制度改革以及当前实现共同富裕具有重要意义。

Increasing the share of labor income is an important way to achieve common prosperity.This paper uses manually collected urban-level household registration system reform data and China’s industrial enterprise database,and uses progressive household registration system reform as a“quasi-experiment”to evaluate the causal relationship between labor market reforms and labor income shares.The study found that the labor market reform significantly increased the labor income share.The heterogeneity effect shows that this positive effect is stronger in high-innovation enterprises,lowfinancing-constrained enterprises,non-state-owned enterprises,small-scale enterprises,labor-intensive enterprises,and enterprises in developed regions.The mechanism test found that the labor market reform has significantly increased the per capita salary,the number of employees,and the performance of the enterprise,thereby increasing the labor income share.The research in this article has enlightening significance for the current realization of common prosperity.