安徽省城乡居民营养素养调查及影响因素分析

Investigation and analysis of nutrition literacy of urban and rural residents in Anhui Province

目的:调查安徽省城乡居民营养素养水平并分析其影响因素,为有针对性地提升全民营养素养提供参考依据。方法:采用多阶段分层抽样的方法,于2021年7月至2022年7月对蚌埠、滁州、合肥、亳州等地城乡居民营养素养情况进行调查。结果:安徽省城乡居民营养素养水平存在差异,农村居民的营养素养水平明显低于城市居民(P<0.05);18~45岁年龄段人群营养素养得分高于其他年龄段人群(P<0.05);经济来源于父母的人群营养素养得分相对较高(P<0.05);未婚与已婚人群营养素养得分高于离婚及丧偶人群(P<0.05);文化程度高的人群营养素养得分高于文化程度低的人群(P<0.05)。城乡居民文化程度、职业分布和婚姻状况差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05~P<0.01)。城市居民的营养知识、态度、行为得分和营养素养总分均高于农村居民(P<0.05);不同年龄段、经济来源、婚姻状况、文化程度和不同职业居民的营养素养各维度得分和总分间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、城乡差异、文化程度和经济来源均为安徽省居民营养素养的独立影响因素(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:年龄、城乡差异、文化程度和经济来源是影响安徽省居民营养素养水平的主要因素,针对不同人群开展营养健康教育、普及营养健康知识是提高城乡居民营养素养水平的有效途径。

Objective:To investigate the nutrition literacy level of urban and rural residents in Anhui Province and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for improving the nutrition literacy of the whole people.Methods:A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the nutrition literacy of urban and rural residents in Bengbu,Chuzhou,Hefei,Bozhou and other places from July 2021 to July 2022.Results:The nutrition literacy level of rural residents was significantly lower than that of urban residents(P<0.05).The scores of nutrition literacy in the 18-45 age group were higher than those in other age groups(P<0.05).The scores of nutrition literacy of the residents with income from parents was relatively higher(P<0.05).Nutrition literacy scores of unmarried and married residents were higher than those of divorced and widowed residents(P<0.05).The scores of nutrition literacy in the group with high diplomas were higher than those in the group with low education(P<0.05).Conclusions:Age,urban and rural differences,education level and economic sources are the factors that affecting the nutrition literacy level of residents in Anhui Province.It will be an effective way to improve the level of nutrition literacy of urban and rural residents by carrying out nutrient health education and popularizing nutrition and health knowledge for different residents.