突发事件下考虑旅客时间价值的列车开行方案研究

Train operation plan considering the time value of passengers under emergencies

突发事件对铁路旅客出行及运输组织造成了极大的影响,且突发事件下旅客出行选择行为与正常情况有明显的差异。为此,分析突发事件下旅客的出行方式选择行为,利用轨道交通综合网络间的相依特性,研究旅客列车的开行问题,以减轻突发事件对旅客运输组织的影响。首先,分不同支付能力从经济性、快速性、舒适性、方便性及安全性等方面研究旅客广义出行费用。其次,针对突发事件下列车开行方案的编制问题,提出以旅客广义出行费用最小及铁路部门运输成本最低为优化目标,以线路通过能力、满载率、车组数量及铁路旅客服务率等为约束条件的多目标规划模型。进而,根据模型特点设计带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法,并结合考虑旅客时间价值优先级的Logit客流分配策略对模型进行求解。最后,利用算例对模型和算法的有效性进行分析,研究结果表明:突发事件下基于旅客时间价值的广义出行费用进行开行方案动态调整可有效提高铁路旅客服务率。突发事件下考虑旅客时间价值的列车开行方案模型可有效满足突发事件下旅客出行需求,降低突发事件下铁路部门运输成本;问题的研究有助于降低突发事件的影响程度,可为提高突发事件下的应急保障水平提供依据。

Emergencies have a great impact on railway passenger travel and transport organization,and passenger travel choice behavior under emergencies is significantly different from the normal situation.Therefore,this paper analyzed the travel mode selection behavior of passengers under emergencies,and studied the operation of passenger trains by using the interdependence characteristics of rail transit integrated networks to reduce the impact of emergencies on passenger transport organizations.Firstly,the generalized travel costs of passengers were studied from the aspects of economy,rapidity,comfort,convenience and safety according to different payment capacities.Secondly,aiming at the preparation of train operation plan under emergencies,a multiobjective programming model was proposed,which took the minimum generalized travel cost of passengers and the minimum transportation cost of railway departments as the optimization objectives,and the line capacity,full load rate,number of EMUs and railway passenger service rate as constraints.Then,according to the characteristics of the model,a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy was designed,and the model was solved with Logit passenger flow allocation strategy considering passenger time value priority.Finally,an example was used to analyze the effectiveness of the model and algorithm.The results show that the dynamic adjustment of the operation scheme based on the generalized travel cost of passenger time value can effectively improve the railway passenger service rate under emergencies.The train operation scheme model considering the time value of passengers under emergencies can effectively meet the travel demand of passengers under emergencies and reduce the transportation cost of railway departments under emergencies.The research on problems helps to reduce the impact of emergencies,and can provide a basis for improving the level of emergency support under emergencies.