钦州湾海域表层沉积物重金属分布与污染评价

Distribution and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Qinzhou Bay

为探究广西钦州湾海域表层沉积物中重金属分布特征和污染情况,于2021年12月在钦州湾海域采集20个表层沉积物,利用原子吸收光谱仪和原子荧光分光光度计测定重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As)含量,并运用潜在生态风险指数法和地累积指数法对重金属污染程度和生态风险等级进行评价。结果表明,研究区表层沉积物重金属平均含量均未超出海洋沉积物质量一类标准限值。潜在生态风险评价显示,Cd为中等生态危害,其余重金属为轻微生态危害。地累积指数评价结果显示,Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Hg和As污染程度为无污染,Cd介于无污染与中污染之间,各重金属的污染程度依次为Cd>As>Pb>Cu>Cr>Zn>Hg。

In order to explore the distribution characteristics and pollution of heavy metals in surface sediments of Qinzhou Bay in Guangxi,20 surface sediments were collected in Qinzhou Bay in December 2021.The contents of heavy metals(Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr,Hg,As)were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer and atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer,and the pollution degree and ecological risk level of heavy metals were evaluated by potential ecological risk index method and geo-accumulation index method.The results showed that the average content of heavy metals in surface sediments of the study area did not exceed the standard limit of marine sediment quality.The potential ecological risk assessment showed that Cd was a moderate ecological hazard,and the remaining heavy metals were mild ecological hazards.The results of geo- accumulation index showed that the pollution degree of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Hg and As was pollution free,and the pollution degree of Cd was between pollution-free and moderate pollution.The pollution degree of each heavy metal was Cd>As>Pb>Cu>Cr>Zn>Hg.