基于Caprini评估量表的多学科协作分层护理在预防游离皮瓣修复术患者静脉血栓中的应用

Application of multidisciplinary team stratified nursing based on Caprini assessment scale in preventing venous thrombosis in patients undergoing free flap repair

目的探究基于Caprini评估量表的多学科协作(MDT)分层护理预防游离皮瓣修复术患者静脉血栓的效果。方法选取2018年1月至2021年12月在空军军医大学第二附属医院行游离皮瓣修复术的患者92例,按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各46例,对照组患者给予常规护理,观察组患者行基于Caprini评估量表的MDT分层护理,护理周期均为两周。比较两组患者护理后的静脉血栓、血管危象发生情况和局部皮瓣血运情况,以及患者对护理的满意度。结果护理后,观察组患者的静脉血栓、血管危象发生率分别为0、4.35%,明显低于对照组的8.70%、17.39%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组患者的毛细血管充盈时间评分及局部皮瓣弹性评分分别为(2.55±0.47)分、(2.68±0.57)分,明显高于对照组的(2.04±0.82)分、(2.09±0.61)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组患者的护理满意度评分为环境护理(93.76±5.27)分、基础护理(93.68±5.35)分、并发症护理(92.27±5.22)分、心理护理(93.87±5.76)分,明显高于对照组的(89.28±5.86)分、(89.71±5.73)分、(88.45±5.42)分、(88.58±5.16)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于Caprini评估量表的MDT分层护理可改善患者的局部皮瓣血运情况,减少静脉血栓及血管危象发生,提高患者对护士护理满意度。

Objective To explore the application effect of multidisciplinary team(MDT)stratified nursing based on Caprini assessment scale in preventing venous thrombosis in patients undergoing free flap repair.Methods A total of 92 patients undergoing free flap repair in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University were enrolled between January 2018 and December 2021.According to random number table method,they were divided into an observation group and a control group,with 46 patients in each group.The patients in the control group were giv-en routine nursing,while the patients in the observation group were given MDT stratified nursing based on Caprini as-sessment scale,for 2 weeks.The occurrence of venous thrombosis and vascular crisis after nursing,local flap blood sup-ply,and patients satisfaction with nursing were compared between the two groups.Results After nursing,the incidence rates of venous thrombosis and vascular crisis in the observation group were 0 and 4.35%,which were significantly low-er than 8.70%and 17.39%in the control group(P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of capillary filling time and local flap elasticity in the observation group were(2.55±0.47)points and(2.68±0.57)points,which were significantly higher than(2.04±0.82)points and(2.09±0.61)points in the control group(P<0.05).After nursing,the nursing satisfaction scores of patients in the observation group were(93.76±5.27)points for environmental nursing,(93.68±5.35)points for basic nurs-ing,(92.27±5.22)points for complication nursing,(93.87±5.76)points for psychological nursing,which were significant-ly higher than(89.28±5.86)points,(89.71±5.73)points,(88.45±5.42)points,and(88.58±5.16)points in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion MDT stratified nursing based on Caprini assessment scale can improve local flap blood supply,reduce the risks of venous thrombosis and vascular crisis,and improve patients satisfaction with nursing.