煤基固废协同矿山土壤生态修复的理论解析与实践探索——以陕西榆林市为例

Theoretical Analysis and Practical Exploration on Ecological Restoration of Mines with Multi-source Solid Wastes:Example from Yulin City,Shaanxi Province

矿山环境修复治理与固体废弃物综合利用均是北方能源富集区亟待解决的生态问题。笔者基于“理论解析−案例研究−协同治理”的思路,以陕西榆林市为例,在系统分析工业固废与矿山生态受损现状的基础上,全面解析煤基固废协同修复矿山生态的政策优势、技术可行性及市场潜力,并提出基于固废结构、营养和环境功能改性制备土壤调理剂的路径技术。通过将土壤调理剂应用于风沙地治理、盐碱地改良和露天煤矿排土场土壤生态修复实践,发现施用土壤调理剂后风沙地、盐碱地和排土场土壤养分含量显著增加,植物生物量平均增幅分别为50.3%、36.0%和39.9%。研究成果为北方能源型城市煤基固废协同修复矿山土壤生态提供科学支撑。

Mine environmental restoration and the comprehensive utilization of solid waste are two ecological issues that are highly concerned by the whole society at present.Based on the idea of"theoretical analysis−case study−collaborative governance",taking Yulin,Shaanxi Province as an example,this paper comprehensively analyzes the policy advantages,technical feasibility and market potential of multi-source solid waste collaborative mine ecological restoration on the basis of systematic analysis of the current situation of industrial solid waste and mine ecological restoration.Secondly,based on the multi-source solid waste modification of structure,nutrition and environmental function,a soil conditioner was prepared.Finally,through the practical exploration of applying soil conditioner to sand treatment,saline alkali land improvement and soil ecological restoration of mine waste dump,it is found that the average increase of above−ground biomass of plants in sand land,saline alkali land and waste dump after applying soil conditioner is 50.3%,36.0%and 39.9%respectively.The present manuscript may provide scientific support for the coordinated ecological restoration of multi-source solid wastes in northern energy cities.