米索前列醇不同给药途径在人工流产术前的应用效果分析

Analysis of the effect of different administration routes of misoprostol before induced abortion

目的 探讨米索前列醇不同给药途径在人工流产术前的应用效果。方法 80例人工流产患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(28例)、观察组(27例)、研究组(25例)。三组使用药物均为米索前列醇,对照组采用阴道放置给药,观察组采用舌下含服给药,研究组采用口服给药。比较三组手术相关指标[手术时间、手术出血量、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分],宫口松弛程度,药物不良反应发生情况。结果 观察组患者的手术时间(1.51±0.18)min短于对照组的(2.19±0.36)min和研究组的(3.21±0.32)min,对照组患者的手术时间短于研究组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的手术出血量(8.41±0.60)ml少于对照组的(11.88±0.64)ml和研究组的(9.71±0.68)ml,研究组患者的手术出血量少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的VAS评分(2.21±0.41)分低于研究组的(3.01±0.22)分和对照组的(3.21±0.30)分,研究组患者的VAS评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的宫口松弛总有效率92.59%高于对照组的71.43%和研究组的64.00%,对照组患者的宫口松弛总有效率高于研究组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组药物不良反应发生率14.81%低于对照组的39.29%与研究组的48.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 米索前列醇不同给药途径在人工流产手术前应用效果有显著不同,其中舌下含服给药方式具有较好的疗效和安全性,可促进患者宫颈软化和膨胀,降低患者疼痛感,值得被推广应用。

Objective To discuss the application effect of different administration routes of misoprostol before induced abortion.Methods A total of 80 patients with induced abortion were divided into control group(28 cases),observation group(27 cases)and research group(25 cases)according to the random numerical table.Misoprostol was used in all three groups,with vaginal placement in the control group,sublingual administration in the observation group,and oral administration in the research group.The relative indexes[operative time,operation blood loss,visual analogue scale(VAS)score],relaxation of uterine orifice,and the incidence of adverse drug reactions among the three groups were compared.Results The operative time of(1.51±0.18)min in the observation group was shorter than that of(2.19±0.36)min in the control group and(3.21±0.32)min in the research group;the operative time in the control group was shorter than that of in the research group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The intraoperative blood loss of(8.41±0.60)ml in the observation group was less than that of(11.88±0.64)ml in the control group and(9.71±0.68)ml in the research group;the intraoperative blood loss in the research group was less than that in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The VAS score of(2.21±0.41)points in the observation group was lower than that of(3.01±0.22)points in the research group and(3.21±0.30)points in the control group;the VAS score in the research group was lower than that in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total effective rate of 92.59%in the observation group was higher than that of 71.43%in the control group and 64.00%in the research group;the total effective rate of the control group was higher than that of the research group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse drug reactions in the observation group was 14.81%,which was lower than that of 39.29%in the control group and 48.00%in the research group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Different administration routes of misoprostol before induced abortion have significantly different application effects,among which sublingual administration has better efficacy and safety,which can promote cervical softening and distension,and reduce the pain of patients,and is worthy of popularization and application.