我国辣椒收获机械化的技术现状与研究对策

Current Status and Research Strategies of Mechanization Technology for Pepper Harvesting in China

我国是世界上最大的辣椒生产国、消费国和出口国,辣椒种植面积及产量均逐年增长。辣椒种植模式复杂,标准化程度低,各品种的物理特性差异大,导致机械生产实施难度大、成本高,因此辣椒机械化未能普及。本文介绍了国内外辣椒收获机和辣椒采摘装置的发展现状,阐述了杆条梳齿型、展开双螺旋线型、带状梳指型、滚筒弹指型四种类型的辣椒收获机采摘装置及其工作原理,最后提出了辣椒收获技术的发展趋势和研究策略。

China is the world’s largest producer,consumer,and exporter of chili peppers,with both the planting area and output of chili peppers increasing year by year.The planting mode of chili is complex,with low standardization and significant differences in physical characteristics among different varieties,which makes it difficult and costly to implement mechanical production.Therefore,the mechanization of chili has not been widely adopted.This article introduces the development status of pepper harvesters and pepper harvesting devices at home and abroad,expounds four types of pepper harvesting devices and their working principles:rod comb tooth type,expanded double spiral type,belt comb finger type,and roller spring-tooth type.Finally,the development trend and research strategies of pepper harvesting technology are proposed.