新型冠状病毒感染流行期间医护人员职业倦怠的Meta分析

Prevalence of job burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic:a meta-analysis

目的系统评价新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)流行期间医护人员职业倦怠情况,为及时干预医护人员职业倦怠提供循证依据。方法检索PubMed、Embase、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库等数据库,收集2020年1月1日—2022年12月16日发表的关于COVID-19流行期间医护人员职业倦怠的研究文献;采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析;采用逐一剔除单个研究的方法进行敏感性分析;采用漏斗图和Egger检验评价发表偏倚。结果共检索文献1196篇,最终纳入39篇,其中英文文献30篇,中文文献9篇,样本量从87人到7626人不等。Meta分析结果显示,医护人员总职业倦怠检出率为54%(95%CI:44%~64%),其中高情绪衰竭、高去人格化和低个人成就感3个维度的检出率分别为45%(95%CI:39%~50%)、39%(95%CI:31%~46%)和42%(95%CI:37%~47%)。敏感性分析显示Meta分析结果稳定。漏斗图和Egger检验提示存在发表偏倚(t=3.230,P=0.004)。结论COVID-19流行期间医护人员职业倦怠检出率为44%~64%,应重视职业倦怠对医护人员的影响。

Objective To systematically evaluate the prevalence of job burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic,so as to provide evidence-based evidence for timely interventions against job burnout among healthcare workers.Methods Publications pertaining to job burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic were retrieved international and national databases from January 1,2020 to December 16,2022,including PubMed,Embase,CNKI,Wanfang Data and VIP.Meta-analysis was performed using the software RevMan 5.3,and sensitivity analysis was performed using the leave-one-out method.In addition,the publication bias was evaluated using Funnel plot and Egger's test.Results A total of 1196 publications were screened,and 39 publications that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the final analysis,including 30 English articles and 9 Chinese articles,covering 87 to 7626 participants.Meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of job burnout was 54%(95%CI:44%-64%)among healthcare workers,and detection rates of high emotional exhaustion,high depersonalization and low personal fulfillment were 45%(95%CI:39%-50%),39%(95%CI:31%-46%),and 42%(95%CI:37%-47%),respectively.Sensitivity analyses showed stable meta-analysis results,and funnel plots and Egger's test indicated publication bias(t=3.230,P=0.004).Conclusions The prevalence of job burnout was 44%to 64%among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Much attention should be paid to the impact of job burnout among healthcare workers.