氧化石墨烯浸种对甘蓝型油菜生长发育及产量的影响

Effects of Graphene Oxide Seed Soaking on Growth and Yield of Brassica napus L.

为探究氧化石墨烯(Graphene oxide,GO)浸种处理对甘蓝型油菜种子萌发、幼苗生长以及产量的影响,用质量浓度0(对照)、5、10、25、50、100 mg/L的GO对5个甘蓝型油菜品种(中双9号、中双11号、华油杂50、阳光2009、华油杂62)进行浸种处理,测定其种子发芽势和成熟期的产量,并测定了不同质量浓度GO浸种处理后中双9号幼苗细胞色素(叶绿素a和b、类胡萝卜素、总叶绿素)含量、光合指标(净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度)、激素(ABA和IAA)含量等。结果表明,GO处理能有效促进种子萌发,25 mg/L GO处理明显提高油菜产量,可用于生产上浸种处理。与对照相比,GO质量浓度低于25 mg/L处理对中双9号幼苗细胞色素含量无显著影响,50、100 mg/L GO处理显著降低细胞色素含量;5、10 mg/L GO处理植株净光合速率显著增加;GO质量浓度低于25 mg/L处理对IAA含量无显著影响,但当GO质量浓度增至50、100 mg/L时,IAA含量显著降低;处理10 d,随着GO质量浓度的升高,ABA含量呈上升趋势。综上所述,低浓度GO处理促进种子萌发,提高叶片净光合速率;高浓度GO处理诱导ABA含量迅速升高,降低细胞色素含量,抑制甘蓝型油菜生长发育。可见,适宜浓度的GO浸种处理对甘蓝型油菜早生快发有益,有利于提高菜籽产量。

To explore the effects of seed soaking with graphene oxide(GO) on seeds germination,seedlings growth and yield of Brassica napus,seeds of five B.napus varieties were soaked with GO solution of 0(control),5,10,25,50,100 mg/L,and the germination potential and yield in mature stage were determined.After Zhongshuang No.9 was treated with different concentration of GO solution,cytochrome(chlorophyll a and b,carotenoids,total chlorophyll)content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,ABA and IAA content in plants were detected.The results showed that GO treatments promoted seed germination of B.napus,and 25 mg/L GO treatments significantly increased the yield of B.napus and could be used for seed soaking.Lower than25 mg/L GO treatments had no significant effect on cytochrome of Zhongshuang No.9 seedlings compared with the control,while the plant cytochrome content significantly reduced after treating with 50 and100 mg/L GO;Net photosynthetic rate significantly increased after treating with 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L GO;Lower than 25 mg/L GO treatments had no significant effect on the IAA content,but 50 and 100 mg/L GO treatments significantly decreased the IAA content;ABA content increased with the increasing of GO mass concentration on the 10th day of treatment.Low concentration GO treatment promoted seed germination and increased net photosynthetic rate of leaves,but high concentration GO treatment induced rapid increase in ABA content,decreased cytochrome content,and inhibited the growth and development of B.napus.The results proved that the appropriate concentration of GO seed soaking treatment promoted the early germination and rapid development of B.napus,which was conducive to the improvement of yield.