信用规则体系:社会信用体系的基础组成部分

Credit Rule System:The Basic Component of Social Credit System

信用规则是指对信用主体的行为起到规范、引导、劝诫和教化作用的各类社会规则的集合。信用规则体系是社会信用体系的重要组成部分,其框架内的大部分信用规则由社会信用体系输出实施,用于规范“政商社法”四大领域中各类信用主体的行为。另有一类信用规则用于规范社会信用体系自身运行。在性质上,大部分信用规则属于社会规则范畴,所针对的是“人”,包括法人组织和自然人,对他们的失信行为进行规范。有少部分信用规则不在社会规则范畴,它们是用于规范信用信息使用及其基础设施运行的,所针对的是“物”。在信用规则体系框架中,“骨干”是信用法律,而政策规定、道德伦理、风俗习惯和组织纪律等类型的信用规则是“枝叶”。对于当前急迫推进的信用立法工作,在首部信用法律的目标和宗旨中,应给出信用规则体系概念,并对其框架边界和主要内容予以描述。

Credit rules are collection of various social rules that regulate,guide,exhort and edify the behavior of credit subjects.The credit rule system is an important part of the social credit system,and most of the credit rules in its framework are exported and implemented by the social credit system to regulate the behavior of credit subjects in the four fields of“government,business,society and law”.There is another type of credit rules which are used to regulate the operation of the social credit system.By nature,most credit rules belong to the category of social rules and target“people”,including legal entities and natural persons,and regulate their dishonesty behavior.A small number of credit rules are not in the category of social rules and are used to regulate the use of credit information and the operation of its infrastructure,which target“things”.In the framework of credit rule system,the“backbone”is the credit law,while the credit rules of policy,ethics,customs and organization discipline are the“branches and leaves”.For the current urgent work of credit legislation,the concept of credit rule system should be formulated and its framework boundaries and main contents should be described in the goals and objectives of the first credit law.