社区视角下老年高血压患者服药依从性与自我感知老化的分析

Analysis of Medication Compliance and Self Perceived Aging of Elderly Patients with Hypertension from the Perspective of Community

目的了解老年高血压患者服药依从性的现况和影响因素,探讨其与自我感知老化的相关性,以期从自我感知老化层面改善服药依从性水平,从而有助于社区卫生服务机构对患者进行精细化管理。方法采用分层抽样法选取2021-07-01-2021-09-01天津市某社区的老年高血压患者320例为研究对象,剔除2份无效问卷,最终318例患者纳入研究。通过服药依从性量表、自我感知老化问卷进行评估,采用相关性分析及logistic回归分析筛选出高血压患者服药依从性的相关影响因素。结果318例患者中,服药依从性水平偏低,总得分为(4.71±2.15)分,依从性良好者108例(34%),不良者210例(66%);周期时间性、积极控制、积极结果维度与服药依从性呈正相关,均P<0.05;多因素分析结果显示,高中、大专及以上学历,非独居,积极控制和积极结果将会提高患者的服药依从性水平,具有保护作用,OR<1,P<0.05。结论社区老年高血压患者的服药依从性处于较低水平,医护人员应该以积极控制、积极结果维度为切入点,针对性地制定出有利于提高患者自我感知老化水平的干预措施,同时纠正其消极的老化感知,进而提高服药依从性。

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of medication compliance of elderly hypertensive patients, and explore the correlation between the compliance and self-perceived aging to improve the level of medication compliance from the perspective of self-perceived aging, so as to help community health service institutions to carry out fine management of patients.Methods A stratified sampling method was used to select 320 elderly hypertensive patients from a community in Tianjin from July 1,2021 to September 1,2021 as the study subjects.The medication compliance scale and self-perceived aging questionnaire were used for evaluation, and the correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to screen the relevant influencing factors of medication compliance of hypertensive patients.Results Among 318 patients, the level of medication compliance was low, and the total score was(4.71±2.15).A hundred and eight cases(34%) had good compliance and 210 cases(66%) had poor compliance.The periodicity, positive control and positive outcome dimensions were positively correlated with medication compliance(P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that high school, college degree or above, not living alone, active control and positive results would improve the patient's medication compliance level and have protective effect(OR1,P<0.05).Conclusions The medication compliance of elderly hypertensive patients in the community is at a low level.The medical staff should take the dimension of positive control and positive results as the starting point, formulate intervention measures that are conducive to improving the patients' self-perceived aging level, and correct their negative aging perception at the same time, so as to improve medication compliance.