西部地区农村基层医疗卫生服务效率评价研究——基于DEA-Tobit模型的分析

Research on Efficiency Evaluation of Rural Primary Grassroots Medical and Health Service System in the Western Region of China:Based on DEA-Tobit Model

农村基层医疗卫生服务对保障农村居民的生命健康安全至关重要。文章采用DEA-Tobit模型,对2017—2019年我国西部地区农村基层医疗卫生服务的效率及影响因素展开分析。研究发现:近年来,西部地区农村基层医疗卫生服务效率已有一定程度的改善,但区域、省际发展不平衡,部分省份的效率仍较低,影响了整体效率的提升。其中,纯技术效率偏低是导致综合效率不高的主要原因;西南地区效率整体优于西北地区,乡镇卫生院效率优于村卫生室;农村居民人均可支配收入、人口密度、执业(助理)医师和城镇化率是影响效率的重要因素。因此,建议从提升卫生人员质量、加大卫生资金投入、促进优质医疗资源扩容、结合乡村振兴战略布局合理配置卫生资源、促进农民增收以及加强数字化建设等方面入手,提高西部地区农村基层医疗卫生服务效率。

The rural primary grassroots medical and health service are crucial to ensuring the life and health safety of rural residents.The article uses the DEA-Tobit model to analyze the efficiency and influencing factors of rural primary health care services in the western region of China from 2017 to 2019.The study found that in recent years,the efficiency of rural primary grassroots medical and health services in western China has improved,but the efficiency level of individual provinces is still low,which affects the overall efficiency.The low pure technical efficiency was the main reason for the low comprehensive efficiency;the efficiency level of Southwest China is better than that of Northwest China as a whole;the township health centers are better than the village clinics;per capita disposable income of rural residents,population density,licensed(assistant)doctors and urbanization rate are important factors affecting efficiency.Therefore,It's suggested from improve the quality of health personnel,increase the investment of health funds,promote the expansion of high-quality medical resources,reasonably allocate health resources in combination with the strategic layout of rural revitalization,promote the increase of farmers' income,and strengthen the digital construction to improve the efficiency of medical and health services at the grassroots level in western rural areas.