《穷理学》中的亚里士多德知识理论

Aristotle's Theory of Knowledge in Qionglixue

《穷理学》是明末清初格物穷理之学的集成之作,其中对亚里士多德知识理论进行了阐述,包括:知识的概念、获得方式、属性、功用、知识体系等。这部分内容取自《名理探》,有少许变化。该书从儒学格物致知认识论出发理解亚里士多德知识论,以儒学“艺”的概念表达亚里士多德的“知识”概念,区分了“认识”与“知识”,丰富和发展了儒学“六艺”的内涵。特别是“明艺”与“用艺”的划分,将儒学对知识的探讨从实用技艺,推进到理论体系。

Ferdinand Verbiest's Qionglixue(《穷理学》) is a comprehensive record of the Sino-West intellectual exchange during the late Ming and the early Qing,which expounds Aristotle's theory of knowledge,including the concept of knowledge,its acquiring ways,its properties and functions,and knowledge system.This content is taken from Minglitan(《名理探》) with a few changes.The book understands Aristotle's theory of knowledge from the epistemology of Confucianism,expresses Aristotle's concept of “knowledge” with the concept of Confucian Art(Yi,艺),distinguishes between “understanding” and “knowledge”,and enriches and develops the connotation of the “six arts” of Confucianism.In particular,the division between “knowing art” and “using art” has advanced the discussion of knowledge in Confucianism from practical skills to theoretical systems.The art of Confucianism originally referred to skills,but “knowing art” was defined as the knowledge of reason.Theoretical knowledge is highlighted,and formed therefore.