《史记索隐》征引《尔雅》异文论析

An Analysis of Different Essays of Erya(《尔雅》)Cited in Shiji Suoyin(《史记索隐》)

唐代司马贞的《史记索隐》征引《尔雅》共71处,其中,百科名词部分占比高达88.7%,征引最多的是《释天》。可见,对自然名物,尤其是对天文的大量训解,是《史记索隐》的一个主要特点。值得注意的是,其引文与今《尔雅》传本文字不同者占50%,具体可分为四种类型:异文、衍文、脱文、逸文,在版本校勘、辑佚研究、异文考释方面均具有一定的价值。同时,《史记索隐》在征引《小尔雅》《说文解字》《广雅》等文献时,存在着误题为《尔雅》的现象,也存在着综合多处文字而合成一处、引文错误等情况。

There are 71 citations of Erya(《尔雅》)in Shiji Suoyin(《史记索隐》),of which the proportion of encyclopedic nouns is as high as 88.7%.The most cited is Shitian(《释天》).A large number of interpretations of natural objects,especially astronomy,are a major feature of Shiji Suoyin(《史记索隐》).50%of the citations and the original text of Erya(《尔雅》)have important variations,which can be divided into four types:variations,derivations,omitting,and excerpts,which are of certain value in the comparative collation and compilation research.However,sometimes Shiji Suoyin(《史记索隐》)solicites books such as Xiao Erya(《小尔雅》),Shuowen Jiezi(《说文解字》)and Guangya(《广雅》),but mistakenly cited the title of Erya(《尔雅》),as well as a combination of multiple characters and citation errors.