工作资源在ICU护士自我效能与工作重塑行为间的中介效应分析

Mediating effect of job resources between self-efficacy and job crafting behavior of ICU nurses

目的探讨工作资源在ICU护士自我效能与工作重塑行为间的中介效应。方法采用整群抽样法,于2022年3—5月选取中国医学科学院阜外医院的629名ICU护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、工作重塑量表(JCS)、短版哥本哈根社会心理问卷、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)对其进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析探讨ICU护士工作资源与自我效能、工作重塑行为间的相关性;采用AMOS软件建立中介效应模型,并应用Bootstrap法检验探讨中介效应。本研究共发放问卷629份,回收有效问卷555份,问卷有效回收率为88.24%(555/629)。结果555名ICU护士JCS得分为(77.58±12.53)分,工作资源得分为(74.35±13.37)分,GSES得分为(27.16±5.90)分。Pearson相关分析结果显示,ICU护士工作重塑行为与自我效能、工作资源呈正相关(P<0.01)。Bootstrap中介效应分析结果显示,工作资源在ICU护士自我效能与工作重塑行为之间存在部分中介效应(β=0.128,95%CI:0.086~0.177),占总效应的18.7%。结论ICU护士工作重塑行为处于中等偏上水平,工作资源在自我效能与工作重塑行为之间发挥中介作用。护理管理者应重视ICU护士的工作重塑行为,建设支持性的工作环境,关注护士心理健康,给予其正确引导,提高ICU护士的自我效能感。

Objective To explore the mediating effect of job resources between self-efficacy and job crafting behavior of Intensive Care Unit(ICU)nurses.Methods From March to May 2022,629 ICU nurses from Fuwai Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were selected by cluster sampling as the subjects.The nurses were investigated by using the General Information Questionnaire,Job Crafting Scale(JCS),the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire(COPSOQ),and the General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES).Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between ICU nurses'job resources,self-efficacy and job crafting behavior.The mediating effect model was established by AMOS software,and the mediating effect was discussed by Bootstrap test.A total of 629 questionnaires were distributed,and 555 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective response rate was 88.24%(555/629).Results Among 555 ICU nurses,the scores of JCS,job resources and GSES were(77.58±12.53),(74.35±13.37)and(27.16±5.90),respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that ICU nurses'job crafting behavior was positively correlated with self-efficacy and job resources(P<0.01).Bootstrap mediating effect analysis showed that there was a partial mediating effect of job resources between self-efficacy and job crafting behavior of ICU nurses[β=0.128,95%CI(0.086,0.177)],accounting for 18.7%of the total effect.Conclusions ICU nurses'job crafting behavior is at a moderate to upper level.Job resources play a mediating role between self-efficacy and job crafting behavior.Nursing managers should focus on the job crafting behavior of ICU nurses,build a supportive work environment,pay attention to their psychological health,give them correct guidance,and improve the self-efficacy of ICU nurses.