我国老年专科护士培训基地建设情况的现状调查与对策分析

Current situation and countermeasures of the construction of training bases for gerontological nurse specialists in China

目的了解我国省级及以上老年专科护士培训基地建设现状,包括基地开设情况、培训方案设置、老年专科护士学员准入标准及培训师资要求等情况,为优化老年专科护士的培养提供参考。方法本研究为横断面调查。采用目的抽样法,于2021年8—10月采用自行设计的调查问卷对我国省级及以上护理学会的老年护理专业委员会进行调查。本次调查共向全国31个省/自治区/直辖市的护理学会及中华护理学会老年护理专业委员会发放了32份电子问卷,回收有效问卷32份,有效回收率为100.0%(32/32)。结果我国共有25个省级以上护理学会开设老年专科护士培训基地,共培养老年专科护士约3400名。80.0%(20/25)的培训基地对老年专科护士学员的最低学历要求为大专、最低职称为护师;64.0%(16/25)的培训基地要求老年专科护士学员的最低的护理工作年限要求为5年。一半以上的培养基地对培训教师的要求为本科及以上学历、主管护师及以上职称。结论我国老年专科护士培训基地处于探索和快速发展阶段,各培训基地间老年专科护士培训体系、学员准入标准和师资要求尚未形成统一标准,有待进一步标准化和规范化。

Objective To understand the current situation of the construction of provincial level and above gerontological nurse specialists(GNSs)training bases in China,including the establishment of bases,training program settings,admission criteria for GNSs,and requirements for training teachers,so as to provide reference for optimizing the training of GNSs.Methods This study is a cross-sectional survey.From August to October 2021,a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the geriatric nursing committees of nursing associations at provincial level and above.A total of 32 electronic questionnaires were distributed to nursing associations in 31 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities directly under the Central Government and the Geriatric Nursing Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association,and 32 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 100.0%(32/32).Results In China,25 nursing associations at or above the provincial level set up training bases for GNSs,and about 3400 GNSs were trained.80.0%(20/25)of training bases required a minimum education level of tertiary education and a minimum professional title of junior nurse for GNS trainees.64.0%(16/25)of training bases required a minimum of 5 working years for GNS trainees.More than half of the training bases required training teachers with a bachelor's degree or above,and a professional title of supervisor nurse or above.Conclusions The training base for GNSs in China is in a stage of exploration and rapid development.The training system,student admission criteria,and teacher requirements for GNSs among various training bases have not yet formed a unified standard,and further standardization are needed.