新能源电解水制氢技术经济性分析

Technical and Economic Analysis of Hydrogen Production from New Energy Electrolytic Water

制氢是建立氢能产业链的根基,新能源制绿氢规模化部署将打开氢能产业链新局面,使氢能产业从示范向商业化迈进。化石能源制氢为目前主流制氢技术,具有规模大、成本低、但二氧化碳排放高的特点。新能源电解水制氢是真正意义上零碳排放的制氢方式,但成本高是制约氢能产业发展的关键因素。基于影响电解水制氢成本的核心要素,对制氢成本进行剖析,重点就电价、系统规模、设备投资、电解效率、运行小时数和管理质量提升6个因素对绿氢成本的影响进行分析,并与煤制氢进行对比,为绿氢降本提供了可供参考的路径。

Hydrogen production is the foundation for establishing the hydrogen energy industrial chain.The large-scale layout of green hydrogen production by means of new energy will open a new situation in the hydrogen energy industrial chain and enable the hydrogen energy industry to move forward from demonstration to commercialization.Hydrogen production from fossil energy is the mainstream hydrogen production technology at present,with the characteristics such as large scale,low cost and high carbon dioxide emission.Hydrogen production from water electrolysis driven by new energy is a true zero carbon emission hydrogen production method,but its high cost is a key factor to restrict its development.Based on the core factors that affect the cost of hydrogen production from water electrolysis,this paper analyzes the cost of hydrogen production,focusing on the impact of electricity price,system scale,equipment investment,electrolytic efficiency,operating hours and management quality improvement on the cost of green hydrogen,and compares this route with coal to hydrogen route,providing a reference path for reducing green hydrogen cost.