私家电动汽车在商业停车场的充电调度策略

Charging scheduling of private electric vehicles in commercial parking lot

随着私家电动汽车(private electric vehicles,PREV)的普及,大规模PREV的无序充电将引起用电负荷高峰,影响配电网安全。针对商业停车场环境下的PREV充电问题,首先提出一种车辆准入机制,尽可能提高车辆准入数量,并确保准入车辆能够在预定时间内完成充电需求;其次,采用基于熵权法确定适应度函数权重的遗传模拟退火算法(GASA),提出一种面向多目标优化的PREV充电调度策略,综合优化停车场运营商利润和车主充电满意度。实验结果表明,基于GASA的PREV充电调度策略性能良好,与极端情况(车辆数为600的无序充电)相比,该策略的运营商利润和车主充电满意度分别提高了12.3%和109.7%,综合适应度函数值增加了35.2%;另外,其能够有效平缓配电网负荷分布,在保障配电网安全前提下实现停车场运营商和PREV车主的双赢。

With the popularization of PREV,the disorderly charging of large-scale PREV is likely to cause load peaks and affect the safety of the power grid.Therefore,aiming at this charging problem in commercial parking lot scenario,this paper proposed a vehicle admission mechanism to maximize the number of vehicles that could be fully charged within the predetermined time.It designed a charging scheduling of PREV for multi-objective optimization problem by using the genetic algorithm simulated annealing(GASA)based on the entropy weight method which determined the weights of the fitness function.This strategy comprehensively optimized the profits of parking lot operators and the charging satisfaction degree of PREV owners.The results show that the PREV charging scheduling based on GASA has good performance compared with the extreme case(disorderly charging with 600 vehicles).This method improves the profits,charging satisfaction degree and the value of objective function by 12.3%,109.7%and 35.2%respectively.In addition,it can effectively smooth the load distribution and achieve a win-win situation for parking lot operators and PREV owners under the premise of ensuring the safety of the power grid.