露天矿深孔台阶爆破间隔装药爆破试验研究

Experimental Study on Interval Charging Blasting of Deep Hole Bench Blasting in Open Pit Mine

基于吉朗德露天煤矿现场实际生产研究空气间隔装药爆破技术的应用,明确两点试验意义:一是“降本增效”,二是“控制爆破块度”,采用三组正交试验来对空气间隔爆破技术的应用效果进行评价。运用照片摄影法来识别爆后块度分布,首先参考相关文献优化设计matlab程序将块度图像处理为块度分布数据,其次将数据导入Origin软件生成块度分布曲线评价爆破效果。试验结果为间隔17.3%爆破块度分布接近连续装药爆破,得出结论1:空气间隔高度并非越低越好,而是存在一个合理间隔高度,即在合理间隔高度爆破后的效果可以达到连续装药爆破的效果,符合企业降本增效的目的。运用块度级配评价方法分析不同装药爆破效果的均匀性,首先将块度分布数据导入Origin软件拟合为爆破块度级配曲线,其次参考相关文献总结五个块度评价指标。分析结果为爆破块度均匀性优劣:连续装药>间隔17.3%>间隔11.5%,得出结论2:可以通过中部空气间隔装药技术控制减少装药量使得爆破效果接近传统的连续装药,达到控制爆破块度的目的。

Based on the actual production in jilangde open pit coal mine,the application of air interval charging blasting technology was clarified,defining two test significance:one is“reducing cost and increasing efficiency”,the other is“controlling blasting fragmentation”.Three groups of orthogonal tests are used to evaluate the application effect of air interval blasting technology.The photo photography method is used to identify the fragmentation distribution after blasting.Firstly,the matlab program is optimized with reference to relevant literature to process the fragmentation image into fragmentation distribution data.Secondly,the data is imported into Origin software to generate fragmentation distribution curve to evaluate the blasting effect.The test results show that the fragment size distribution of 17.3%interval blasting is close to continuous charging blasting.Conclusions 1:The air interval height has no positive correlation with the final effect.,There is a reasonable interval height which is in line with the purpose of reducing cost and increasing efficiency of enterprises.The fragmentation grading evaluation method is used to analyze the uniformity of blasting effects of different charges.Firstly,the fragmentation distribution data is imported into Origin software to fit the blasting fragmentation grading curve.Secondly,five fragmentation evaluation indexes are summarized with reference to relevant literature.The analysis results are the uniformity of blasting block:continuous charge>interval 17.3%>interval 11.5%Conclusion 2:The charging amount can be reduced through the control of central air interval charging technology,so that the blasting effect is close to the traditional continuous charging,which can achieve the purpose of controlling blasting fragmentation.