王莽秉政时期社会转型与《剧秦美新》的三维阐释

The Social Transformation during Wang Mang’s Reign and the Three Dimensional Interpretation of Degrading Qin Dynasty and Praising Xin Dynasty

王莽秉政时期是从元寿二年(前1年)始,至地皇四年(23年)止。在社会转型视角下对扬雄的《剧秦美新》进行阐释后发现:从文体类别看,《剧秦美新》是一篇歌颂王莽功绩的奏议文;从情感意蕴看,《剧秦美新》对王莽及新朝的称颂与赞美之情自然地流露出来,具有坚实而丰富的情感内蕴;从思想观念看,扬雄崇古乐道的儒士思想与王莽托古改制的复古思想相契合,是《剧秦美新》之所以为谀文的思想内核。以上这三重维度的全面阐释,确证了《剧秦美新》是一篇称颂王莽、谄媚新朝的谀文。从社会转型视角阐释《剧秦美新》,对于进一步挖掘扬雄的文学思想,体察扬雄在复杂险恶的社会情势下的创作心态,具有重要的意义。

Wang Mang’s reign began in the second year of Yuanshou(1BC)and ended in the fourth year of Emperor Di(23AD).After analyzing Yang Xiong’s essay Degrading Qin Dynasty and Praising Xin Dynasty,from the perspective of social transformation during this period,the paper found that as for literary genre,the essay is a tribute to Wang Mang’s achievements.As for emotional connotations,this essay is the praise and admiration for Wang Mang and the Xin Dynasty with a solid and rich emotional connotation.From the perspective of ideological concepts,this essay promotes the Confucian ideology of Yang Xiong’s reverence for ancient music and Tao,which is in line with Wang Mang’s retro ideology of reforming the ancient system,and has become the ideological core of why Degrading Qin Dynasty and Praising Xin Dynasty is a flattering text.The comprehensive interpretation of these three dimensions above confirms that Degrading Qin Dynasty and Praising Xin Dynasty is a flattering essay praising Wang Mang and flattering the new dynasty.Interpreting this essay from the perspective of social transformation is of great significance for further exploring Yang Xiong’s literary ideas and observing his creative mentality in complex and dangerous social situations.