北朝镇城大都督考释

Research on the Governor of Zhencheng in Northern Dynasty

遍及《魏书·官氏志》,关于镇城大都督一职的名称与定员的记载,史无明文。经考证《魏书》《北齐书》《周书》列传以及《资治通鉴》等史料发现,在北朝官职史上的确存在这一职位。镇城大都督是一种非永久性设置的军职,起初都督六镇九城的军事,兼管本戍堡镇城的军政民政,后来这一职演变成为非专指六镇九城,而可以冠上其他地名,也可以不冠地名的临时性设置军事参谋或征讨武官,作为征讨武官,他们由中央派遣,临时从事军事行动,完成皇帝派遣的任务后,即被解除职务,军队亦就地解散。

Throughout the“Book of Wei-Official Chronicles”,there is no clear record in history regarding the name and personnel quota of the position of Governor in the town.But after carefully reading the biographies of the“Book of Wei”,“Book of Northern Qi”,“Book of Zhou”,as well as the“Zizhi Tongjian”and other historical materials,many clues have been found to prove the existence of this position in the history of official positions in the Northern Dynasty.In fact,this position was a trusted position of the emperor,and it was only an honorary and temporary military rank,with no real name,and it was also inevitable.As military conscription officers,they were dispatched by the central government and were temporarily engaged in military operations with significant characteristics.After completing the tasks assigned by the emperor,they were dismissed from their positions and the army was disbanded on the spot.