共生理论视角下区域创新生态系统演化特征研究

Dissipative Evolution of Regional Innovation Ecosystem from the Perspective of Symbiosis Theory

基于科学转移思路,将耗散结构理论中的Brusselator经典模型移植到区域创新生态系统演化分析中,同时,结合共生理论,围绕共生单元、结构与模式、网络与环境等生态特征,构建“创新投入—创新环境”要素指标体系,进而运用“全局熵—突变级数”评价模型刻画系统耗散演化过程。基于对2013-2020年我国四大国家级城市群及毗邻省份的区域创新生态系统耗散演化状态进行实证分析,研究发现:(1)我国四大城市群及毗邻省份的区域创新生态系统是一个开放性系统,同时满足小幅涨落、非线性耦合等耗散结构形成条件;(2)样本点耗散评价值呈正向演化,说明系统逐步向耗散结构演化,2015—2020年四大城市群及毗邻省份的创新环境(经济、市场、技术)显著优化,对区域创新活力及创新成果转化有积极的促进作用;(3)样本点区域创新生态系统的耗散演化持续向高区域创新投入—高水平区域创新环境方向发展。基于实证分析结果,从打造区域创新中心、完善协同体制机制、培育企业主体以及形成良性循环等方面对我国区域创新生态系统发展提出对策建议。

With the complex transformation of the global economy,the innovation paradigm has entered the innovation ecosystem 3.0 period.It is vital to figure out how to accelerate the improvement of regional innovation output level and regional innovation level based on the new innovation ecosystem so as to promote the sustainable development of regional economy,industrial transformation and upgrading,and effective improvement of market competitiveness.The RIES system is an important carrier to promote regional innovation and development,economic and environmental synergy and symbiosis,because of its diversity and superiority of species at the component element level,its clustering of resources at the resource element level,its adaptability and friendliness at the environmental element level,and its dynamic and mutually beneficial symbiosis at the interactive behavior level.More and more government departments are committed to building a high-level RIES system.The structure evolution,innovation performance and efficiency evaluation of RIES system have also attracted extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad.Previous studies have shown that RIES system presents the characteristics of self-organization evolution.It is a typical complex system and has a periodically changing dissipative structure.It is necessary to deeply analyze its evolution and changing laws from the perspective of the dynamic change of system structure.Therefore,from the perspective of symbiosis theory,this paper analyzes the evolution law of the dissipative structure of RIES system,depicts the interaction relationship between multiple subjects in the system and between resource input and system environment based on the ecological characteristics of symbiosis unit,structure and mode,network and environment,,which is of great significance to the rational allocation of innovation resources,the promotion of multi subject cooperation,and the acceleration of the optimization and adjustment of regional innovation structure.It is essential for the realization of the integration and improvement of regional innovation efficiency and capability.On the basis of the scientific transfer,Brusselator,a classic model in dissipative structure theory,has been transplanted into the evolution analysis of RIES system.At the same time,by combining symbiosis theory and focusing on such ecological characteristics as symbiotic unit,structure and mode,network and environment,etc.,this study constructs an“innovation investment—symbiotic environment”factor index system and forms judgement criteria for dissipative structure.It further applies the“overall entropy—catastrophe progression”evaluation model to present the process of dissipative evolution of the system.By constructing a decision model for the dissipative structure of the RIES system,the study conducts an empirical study of dissipative evolution of RIES system in China’s four major national urban agglomerations and nearby provinces from 2013 to 2020.Empirical research analysis has found that(1)the regional innovation ecosystems in China's four major urban agglomerations and adjacent provinces have the characteristics of openness,nonlinear coupling,far away from equilibrium,fluctuation and so on,and have the prerequisite for the formation of dissipative structures;(2)the dissipative evaluation value of the sample points is evolving positively,and the system is gradually evolving to a dissipative structure,for during 2015-2020,the innovation environment(economy,market and Technology)of the four major urban agglomerations and adjacent provinces has been significantly improved,which has a positive role in promoting the regional innovation vitality and the transformation of innovation achievements;(3)the dissipative evolution distribution of the regional innovation ecosystem in the sample points continues to develop in the direction of"high regional innovation investment—high regional innovation environment".According to the results of empirical analysis,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the healthy development of China's regional innovation ecosystem by building a regional innovation center,improving the collaborative system and mechanism,cultivating enterprise subjects and forming a virtuous circle.