4株无花果病原真菌分离鉴定与碳源代谢指纹谱分析

Identification and Carbon Metabolic Fingerprinting Analysis of Four Pathogenic Fungi Isolated from Ficus carica Linn

无花果果实皮薄多汁,采后易受微生物侵染。分离筛选采后贮藏期间无花果发病部位的病原真菌,结合形态学观察、真菌rDNA内转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer, ITS)序列分析、系统发育树构建进行研究,并将分离得到的病原真菌回接至健康果实,发现健康果实出现与发病果实相同的病症。最终从无花果叶子和果实上分别分离到4株丝状病原真菌,其中179#为链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)、180#为气味镰刀菌(Fusarium odoratissimum)、181#为内生炭疽杆菌(Colletotrichum endophyticum)和182#为总枝状毛霉(Mucor racemosus),其中气味镰刀菌、内生炭疽杆菌和总枝状毛霉为无花果中未见报道的病原真菌。利用Biolog微生物鉴定系统对4株病原真菌进行碳源代谢指纹谱分析,发现它们对60种碳源具有相似的代谢特征,包括L-阿拉伯糖、D-纤维二糖和α-环式糊精等56种可利用碳源以及N-乙酰-D-半乳糖胺、N-乙酰-β-D-甘露糖胺、L-海藻糖和D-乳酸甲酯4种不可利用碳源。研究结果旨在为无花果病原真菌的生物学特征以及采后病害防治的研究提供参考依据。

Ficus carica Linn.,a tender and juicy fruit,is susceptible to be damage and infected by microorganisms.Pathogenic fungi were isolated from infected site of Ficus carica Linn.during post-harvest storage and studied by morphological observation,rDNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS)sequence analysis of fungi and phylogenetic tree construction.The isolated pathogenic fungi were reinoculated back to the healthy fruits,and their symptoms were the same as those of the infected fruits.Four filamentous pathogenic fungi were isolated from infected fruit and leaf as Alternaria alternata(179#),Fusarium odoratissimum(180#),Colletotrichum endophyticum(181#),and Mucor racemosus(182#),among which Fusarium odoratissimum,Colletotrichum endophyticum and Mucor racemosus were the first report of causing disease of Ficus carica Linn..Biolog microbial identification system was used to analyse the carbon metabolic fingerprinting of four pathogenic fungi.The results showed that four strains had similar metabolic characteristics to 60 carbon sources,including 56 available carbon sources such as L-arabinose,D-cellobiose,α-cyclodextrin and ect.,and 4 unavailable carbon sources such as N-acetyl-D-galactosamine,N-acetyl-β-D-mannosamine,L-trehalose and D-methyl lactate.This study provided a preliminary reference for biological features of pathogenic fungi and post-harvest control measures for Ficus carica Linn.diseases.