浙江省5720名放射工作人员健康状况分析

Analysis of occupational health status of 5720 radiation workers in Zhejiang Province

目的了解浙江省5720名放射工作人员的职业健康状况,为放射工作人员健康监护与风险评估提供依据。方法选取2020-2021年在杭州市职业病防治院进行放射职业健康检查的5720名放射工作人员为研究对象,比较分析不同性别、工龄、工种的放射工作人员健康状况。结果放射工作人员的眼晶状体、血压、外周血淋巴细胞微核、血常规、肝功能、肾功能的异常检出率,随工龄的增加而升高(χ_(趋势)^(2)=35.545、14.148、4.034、5.774,均P<0.05)。医学应用放射工作人员的甲状腺和尿常规异常检出率高于工业应用放射工作人员(46.5%>39.4%、13.9%>10.3%,χ^(2)=21.858、12.331,均P<0.01),肝功能和肾功能异常检出率低于工业应用放射工作人员(36.0%>29.7%、17.3%>13.6%,χ^(2)=19.302、11.640,均P<0.01)。男性放射工作人员的眼晶状体、心电图、血压、肝功能、肾功能异常检出率高于女性放射工作人员(4.5%>3.1%、4.8%>3.4%、18.7%>12.7%、36.8%>20.6%、20.8%>2.4%,χ^(2)=6.146、5.881、33.461、157.306、351.215,均P<0.05),而女性放射工作人员的甲状腺、外周血淋巴细胞微核、血常规、尿常规异常检出率,高于男性放射工作人员(53.5%>40.2%、1.3%>0.4%、13.4%>7.7%、22.2%>8.2%,χ^(2)=91.305、15.758、47.825、224.042,均P<0.05)。结论长期低剂量的电离辐射暴露对浙江省放射工作人员的职业健康存在一定的影响,应加强相关人员职业健康监护工作,切实保障其职业健康。

Objective To understand the occupational health status of 5720 radiation workers in Zhejiang Province in order to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and protection of occupational radiation diseases.Methods A total of 5720 radiological workers who underwent radiation occupational health examination in Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital from 2020 to 2021 were selected as the research objects.The health status of radiological workers with different gender,length of service and types of work were compared and analyzed.Results The abnormal detection rates of eye lens,blood pressure,peripheral blood lymphocyte micronuclei,blood routine,liver function,kidney function tended to increase with the length of service(χ_(trend)^(2)=35.545,14.148,4.034,5.774,all P<0.05).The abnormal detection rate of thyroid and urinary routine were higher in medically applied radiation workers than in industrially applied radiation workers(46.5%>39.4%,13.9%>10.3%,χ^(2)=21.858,12.331,both P<0.01),while the abnormal detection rate of liver function and kidney function was lower than in industrially applied radiation workers(36.0%>29.7%,17.3%>13.6%,χ^(2)=19.302,11.640,both P<0.01).The abnormal detection rate of eye lens,electrocardiogram,blood pressure,liver function,kidney function,of male radiation workers was higher than that of females(4.5%>3.1%,4.8%>3.4%,18.7%>12.7%,36.8%>20.6%,20.8%>2.4%,χ^(2)=6.146,5.881,33.461,157.306,351.215,respectively,all P<0.05),while the abnormal detection rate of thyroid,peripheral blood lymphocyte micronuclei,blood routine,and urinary routine of females were higher than that of males(53.5%>40.2%,1.3%>0.4%,13.4%>7.7%,22.2%>8.2%,χ^(2)values were 91.305,15.758,47.825,224.042,respectively,all P<0.05).Conclusion Long-term low-dose exposure to ionizing radiation has certain effects on the occupational health of radiation workers in Zhejiang Province,and the occupational health supervision of relevant personnel should be strengthened to effectively protect their occupational health.