福建省部分医用X射线诊断设备影像质量控制调查分析

Investigation on image quality control of medical X-ray diagnostic equipments in Fujian Province

目的通过福建省部分医用X射线诊断设备质量控制性能指标检测结果分析X射线机影像质量状况。方法按《放射诊疗管理规定》等有关法规管理规定,对福建省2019年348台和2020年247台医用X射线诊断设备进行检测与评价分析。结果2019年X射线诊断设备合格率三级医院为66.2%,高于一、二级医院,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.502,P=0.001);2020年不同级别医院合格率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.17,P=0.557);2019年进口机型合格率为63.1%,高于国产机型合格率46.8%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.545,P=0.033);2020年进口与国产机型合格率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.17,P=0.896);DR机、CT机、乳腺DR、透视设备和牙科机2019年与2020年全部合格率分别为56.5%和58.2%、55.4%和70.2%,35.7%和66.7%,66.4%和80.7%,90.0%和73.7%;2019-2020年合格率指标包括DR机有光野与照射野四边偏离(83.33%和86.57%)等16项,CT机有头部CTDIW(87.95%和92.98%)等9项,乳腺DR有管电压指示的偏离(71.43%和80.00%)等12项,透视设备有影像接收器入射屏前空气比释动能率(87.70%和92.05%)等5项,牙科机有管电压指示偏离(95.00%和84.21%)等6项。结论加强X射线诊断设备的定期质控检测及其维护保养,提高医用诊断X射线机影像质量,以减少和避免患者受到不必要的照射。

Objective The image quality of medical X-ray diagnostic equipments in Fujian province was analyzed based on the results of quality control performance indexes.Methods According to the Regulations on the Administration of Radiology Diagnosis and Treatment and other relevant laws and regulations,348 sets of medical X-ray diagnostic equipments in Fujian Province in 2019 and 247 sets in 2020 were detected and evaluated.Results In 2019,the qualified rate of X-ray diagnostic equipment in class III hospitals was 66.2%,which was higher than that in class I and II hospitals,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=13.502,P=0.001).There was no significant difference in the qualified rate of X-ray diagnostic equipment between hospitals at different levels in 2020.In 2019,the qualification rate of imported models was 63.1%,which was higher than that of domestic models(46.8%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.545,P=0.033).There was no significant difference(χ^(2)=0.17,P=0.896)in the qualification rate between imported and domestic models in 2020.The overall pass rates of DR,CT,mammary DR,fluoroscopy and dental machines were 56.5%,55.4%35.7%,66.4%,90.0%for 2019,and 58.2%,70.2%,66.7%,80.7%,73.7%for 2020.In the specific indicators of qualified rate in 2019 and 2020,DR has 16 items,including the deviation between the light field and the irradiation field(83.33%and 86.57%),CT has 9 items,including head CTDIW(87.95%and 92.98%),Mammary DR has 12 items,including Deviation of tube voltage indication(71.43%and 80.00%),Fluoroscopy has 5 items,including air kerma rate in front of the image receiver entrance screen(87.70%and 92.05%),Dental machine has 6 items,including Tube voltage indication deviation(95.00%and 84.21%).Conclusion Strengthening the regular quality control inspection and maintenance of X-ray diagnostic equipment,improves the image quality of medical diagnostic X-ray machines,so as to reduce and avoid unnecessary exposure of patients.