尘肺合并肺结核的特点及T细胞斑点试验诊断的应用

Characteristics of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis and application of T cell spot test for tuberculosis infection

肺结核是尘肺病患者的一种常见并发症,尘肺合并肺结核的患者比单纯尘肺患者病情进展快,预后不良,病死率高,且尘肺合并肺结核不存在特异性的影像表现,在临床上容易造成误诊、漏诊。结核菌感染T细胞斑点试验具有特异性和敏感度高的特点,可快速、准确的为尘肺合并肺结核患者的诊断提供依据,但是也存在一些局限性。本文描述和归纳尘肺合并肺结核的特点,并对T细胞斑点试验的研究资料进行梳理总结,以及在尘肺合并肺结核诊治中的应用价值进行综述。

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a common complication of patients with pneumoconiosis.Among patients with pneumoconiosis,those whose disease is complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis progress more rapidly,with a poorer prognosis and higher mortality.Lack of specific imaging appearances of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis(PCTB)leads to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis in clinical practice.T-SPOT,a blood assay used for tuberculosis diagnosis,can provide an effective and accurate basis for PCTB diagnosis for its high specificity and sensitivity.However,limits also exist.In this article,the application value of T-SPOT will be reviewed in the diagnosis and treatment of PCTB.