农产品跨境电商贸易效率和潜力研究

Research on efficiency and potential of cross-border e-commerce trade of agricultural products

农产品贸易是国际贸易的重要部分,随着跨境电商的发展,对农产品跨境电商贸易效率和潜力的研究具有越来越重要的意义。从网络发展水平、通关效率和物流效率出发,利用主成分分析法,对2010—2019年与中国在农产品贸易上往来密切的33个国家的跨境电商发展指数进行测算,并将其作为核心变量,引入随机前沿引力模型进行实证分析。结果表明:各国跨境电商发展极不平衡;贸易双方的人均GDP、进口国跨境电商发展水平等对农产品跨境电商出口额有促进作用,国家间的距离对其有阻碍作用。中国对中东、非洲、欧洲国家进行农产品跨境电商出口贸易的效率较低,潜力值较大;对日本和美国进行农产品跨境电商出口贸易的效率较高。最后,在完善基础设施建设、加强专业人才培养、推进自贸区建设等方面提出对策建议。

Agricultural product trade is an important part of international trade.With the development of cross-border e-commerce,the research on the efficiency and potential of cross-border e-commerce trade of agricultural products has become increasingly important.From the perspective of network development level,customs clearance efficiency and logistics efficiency,the principal component analysis method is used to calculate the cross-border e-commerce development index of 33 countries that have close contact with China in agricultural trade from 2010 to 2019;taken the cross-border e-commerce development index as the core variable,the stochastic frontier gravity model is introduced for empirical analysis.The results show that the development of cross-border e-commerce in various countries is extremely unbalanced;the per capita GDP of both trading parties and the level of cross-border e-commerce development of importing countries can promote the cross-border e-commerce export of agricultural products,while the distance between countries can hinder it.The cross-border e-commerce export trade of agricultural products of China with countries in the Middle East,Africa and Europe is inefficient and has great potential value;the trade efficiency of cross-border e-commerce export of agricultural products of China with Japan and the United States is high.Finally,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in improving infrastructure construction,strengthening professional talent training,and promoting the construction of free trade zones,etc.