孕妇睡眠障碍状况及影响因素分析

Analysis on status and influencing factors of sleep disorders in pregnant women

目的 调查孕妇睡眠障碍状况及影响因素,探讨妊娠期睡眠障碍与妊娠压力、社会支持水平的关系,为提高孕妇睡眠质量提供依据。方法 采用匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)、妊娠压力量表(PPS)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)对2020年6月2日至2021年2月2日于佛山市顺德区妇幼保健院建档产检的150名孕妇进行问卷调查。结果 150名孕妇的PSQI评分为[5(3,7)]分,睡眠障碍66名(44.00%)。单因素分析结果显示,再婚孕妇睡眠障碍率高于初婚者,意外怀孕孕妇睡眠障碍率高于计划怀孕者,中度压力及以上孕妇睡眠障碍率高于轻度压力及以下者,中间及以下支持状态孕妇睡眠障碍率高于高支持状态者,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。多因素分析显示,再婚、意外怀孕、中度压力及以上、中间及以下支持状态是孕妇睡眠障碍的危险因素(P <0.05)。相关性分析显示,PPS与PSQI存在正相关关系(P <0.05)。结论 孕妇睡眠质量受婚姻状况、意外怀孕、妊娠压力及社会支持的影响较大,医务人员要加强对孕妇睡眠质量的关注,对高风险人群予以早期识别,特别注意疏导孕妇的妊娠压力。

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of sleep disorders in pregnant women,and to explore the correlation of sleep disorders during pregnancy with pregnancy pressure and social support level,so as to provide a basis for improving the sleep quality of pregnant women.Methods A total of 150 pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination at Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan from June 2,2020 to February 2,2021 were surveyed by using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),pregnancy pressure scale(PPS)and perceived social support scale(PSSS).Results The mean PSQI score of the 150 pregnant women was(5[3,7]),and 66 of them(44.00%)had sleep disorders.The results of univariate analysis showed that the incidence of sleep disorders was higher in remarried pregnant women than in those who were first married,higher in those with unplanned pregnancies than in those with planned pregnancies,higher in those with moderate pressure and above than in those with mild pressure and below,and higher in those with medium and below support levels than in those with high support level,all with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that remarriage,unplanned pregnancy,moderate pressure and above,and medium and below support levels were risk factors for sleep disorders in pregnant women(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between PPS and PSQI(P<0.05).Conclusion The sleep quality of pregnant women is strongly influenced by marital status,unplanned pregnancy,pregnancy pressure and social support level.It is recommended for medical staff to pay more attention to the sleep quality of pregnant women,identify high-risk groups early,and pay special attention to relieving pregnancy pressure of pregnant women.