从协同治理走向合作治理:环境群体性事件治理模式的选择

From Collaborative Governance to Cooperative Governance:The Governance Approach of Environmental Mass Incidents

在我国应急管理实践中,主要存在协同治理、合作治理两种模式,而协同治理模式长期处于主导地位。在已有学术研究中,将协同治理、合作治理不加区分甚至视为相同模式的现象比较普遍。协同治理、合作治理虽然有密切联系,但二者在主体地位关系、治理手段和治理价值取向方面却存在明显差异,是两种不同的治理模式。环境群体性事件的治理,有别于自然灾害、事故灾难等突发事件的治理,比较适用合作治理模式。实现合作治理模式需要从五个方面构建相应的保障机制。

In China's emergency management practice,there are two main governance modes:collaborative governance and cooperative governance,and the collaborative governance mode has been dominant for a long time.Existing literature often treat these two modes indiscriminately or even as the same concept.Although collaborative governance and cooperative governance are closely related,they dffer significantly in terms of subject position,governance methods,and values.In other words,they are distinct governance models.Environmental mass incidents require a different approach to governance than natural disasters,accidents,and other emergencies.It makes the cooperative governance model more suitable for environmental mass incidents.To establish the cooperative governance model,corresponding guarantee mechanisms need to be established in five aspects.