河南省非订单定向住培学员心理健康素养现状及其影响因素

Status and influencing factors of mental health literacy of non-targeted admission residential trainees in Henan Province

目的了解正在接受河南省非订单定向规范化住院医师培训学员的心理健康素养(MHL)状况及影响因素,为完善住院学员规范化培训提供参考。方法采用整群抽样法,在河南省选取2020年9月—2022年9月入培的600名非订单定向住培学员作为研究对象并进行问卷调查,回收有效完整问卷579份,使用多元心理健康素养量表调查住培学员的心理健康素养情况,使用寻求心理帮助态度量表、社会支持量表、心理求助自我污名量表调查学员对待心理求助的态度、获得社会支持及寻求心理求助时自我污名水平。结果579名住培学员中男性占比44.7%,心理健康素养平均得分为12.60±2.95,女性占比55.3%,平均得分为12.20±3.08。不同的专业、年级及情感状态的心理健康素养得分相比,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析显示,寻求专业性心理帮助态度与心理健康素养呈正相关关系(r=0.337,P<0.001),心理健康素养与专业心理求助自我污名呈负相关关系(r=-0.349,P<0.001),双向社会支持与心理健康素养呈正相关关系(r=0.336,P<0.001)。多元线性回归分析显示,年级、情感状态、寻求专业性心理帮助态度、专业心理求助自我污名及社会支持是影响住培学员心理健康素养水平的主要因素(均P<0.05),可解释总体变异的36.2%。结论河南省住培学员心理健康素养得分处于中等水平,医院应采取有效的干预措施提升住培学员的心理健康素养。

Objective To understand the mental health literacy(MHL)status and influencing factors of the trainees who are receiving non-targeted admission trainees in Henan Province,and to provide reference for improving standardized resident training.Methods A total of 600 non-targeted admission residential trainees who entered Henan Province from September 2020 to September 2022 were selected as the research subject using cluster sampling methods,and a questionnaire survey was conducted,total 579 valid and complete questionnaires were collected.The mental health literacy of residential trainees was investigated using the multiple mental health literacy scale,and the attitudes towards seeking psychological help,social support scale and psychological help self-stigma scale were investigate using the attitude towards seeking psychological help scale,social support scale,and self stigmatization scale.Results Of 579 residential trainees 44.7%were males,and the average score of mental health literacy was 12.60±2.95,while 55.3%were females,with an average score of 12.20±3.08.The differences of MHL score were statistically significant in different majors,grades and emotional states(all P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis shows that the attitude of seeking professional psychological help was positively correlated with mental health literacy(r=0.337,P<0.001),mental health literacy was negatively correlated with self-stigma of seeking professional psychological help(r=-0.349,P<0.001),and two-way social support was positively correlated with mental health literacy(r=0.336,P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that grade,emotional state,attitude of seeking professional psychological help,self-stigma of seeking professional psychological help and social support were the main factors affecting the mental health literacy level of residential trainees(all P<0.05),which could explain 36.2%of the total variation.Conclusion The scores of mental health literacy of residential trainees in Henan Province are in the middle level,and hospitals should take effective intervention measures to improve their mental health literacy.