总体国家安全观视角下美国外资审查体系分析

Analysison Us Foreign Investment Review System:From the Perspective of a Holistic Approach to National Security

美国外资审查体系经历了从形成、完善到扩大应用三阶段,近年随着美国将中国视为战略竞争对手定位的变化和以遏制中国崛起替代推进互惠互利交流,日益成为推进“美国优先”战略、以霸权利益为核心维持不平等分配格局的手段,呈现出政治化、工具化趋势。借助模糊外资审查标准、泛化安全概念和扩大外国投资委员会职权,该体系成为非常态化审查中国投资、打压中国关键领域潜在竞争企业进而持续威胁中国经济安全的得力工具。中国应当坚持总体国家安全观,针对美国外资审查的多层次“防护门”体系,构建安全审查风险的预警系统和外商投资国家安全审查制度,培育并发挥跨国企业的力量;坚持人类命运共同体理念,依托“一带一路”倡议和金砖国家机制等区域发展框架,促进国际投资与贸易自由化。

The foreign investment review system in the Us has thus far gone through three stages,from formation to refinement and now to expansion of applications.Over recent years,in particular,as the US increasingly views China as its strategic competitor and shifts its approach towards China from reciprocal and mutually beneficial cooperation to containment,this system has become an important means of advancing the America First strategy and sustaining the unequal distributionof powerwithAmerica's hegemonic interests at its core.Thus,foreign investment reviews in the US are getting more and more politicized and instrumentalized.By blurring standards for foreign investment reviews,generalizing security concepts,and enlarging the powers of CFIUs,America's foreign investment review system acts as a powerful tool to abnormally screen Chinese investments and suppresspotential competitors inkey sectors,thereby posing a consistent threat to China's economic security.In response,China should,by upholding a holistic approach to national security,establish an early-warning system against security review-related risks,ameliorate its system fornational securityreviewofforeign investments,and cultivate and give full play to the strength of transnational corporations.More importantly,China should stay committed to building a human community with a shared future,rely on regional development frame works spanning the Belt and Road Initiative and the BRICS mechanism,and promote the liberalization of international investment and trade.