基于旅游评论数据的旅游地客源市场空间结构探析与理论修正

Analysis and theoretical modification of the spatial structure of tourist source market based on tourism review data

旅游地客源市场空间结构研究是旅游地理的基础内容,现有研究多针对单一旅游地的客源市场空间分布进行实证研究,未对不同类型旅游地的客源市场空间结构差异进行规律总结。基于资源-区位角度,提出旅游地客源市场空间结构的新解释框架,利用旅游在线评论,验证了不同类型旅游地客源市场空间结构新解释框架的合理性与科学性。研究发现:(1)资源和区位条件是影响旅游地客源市场空间结构的重要因素;(2)随着资源独特性和区位优势的提升,客源市场的分布逐渐分散,各类旅游地客源市场空间的地理集中指数愈发相近。普通型旅游地(开封、焦作)的核心市场范围延伸到800 km左右,独特型旅游地的核心市场范围延伸到1250 km以上;(3)区位条件决定旅游地客源距离衰减的速度,旅游资源吸引力影响距离衰减的形态。该研究贡献在于明晰了不同类型旅游地客源市场空间结构的差异,并修正了经典客源市场距离衰减理论。

The spatial structure of tourist origins in tourist destinations is the basic study of tourism geography.Most of the existing studies focus on the spatial distribution of tourist origins in a single destination,but fail to summarize the differences in the spatial structure of tourist source market in different types of destinations.Based on resource location,this study proposed a new explanatory framework for the spatial structure of tourist source markets of tourist destinations,and verified the rationality and scientificity of the new explanatory framework for the spatial structure of tourist source markets of different types of tourist destinations by using online tourism reviews.The results show that:(1)Resources and location conditions are the important factors that affect the spatial structure of the tourist source market.(2)With the improvement of resource uniqueness and location advantage,the distribution of tourist source markets is gradually dispersed,and the geographical concentration index of tourist source market space of various tourist destinations is increasingly similar.The core market of ordinary tourist destinations(Changshu and Jiaozuo)extends to about 800km,while the core market of unique tourist destinations extends to more than 1250km.(3)Location determines the speed of distance attenuation of destination,and the attraction of tourism resources affects the form.The research contribution of this paper lies in clarifying the differences in spatial structure of tourist source markets in five different types,and revising the classical theory of distance attenuation of tourist source markets.