人民民主的历史源流与制度演进

The Historical Origin and Institutional Evolution of People's Democracy

中国的民主是人民民主,人民当家作主是中国民主的本质和核心.马克思和恩格斯运用科学社会主义对巴黎公社进行剖析,认为公社实质上是工人阶级的政府,公社政权实现了"人民自己当家作主".列宁在俄国革命中对公社政权的人民性进行了阐扬,在俄国构建了巴黎公社式的新型苏维埃政权.在马克思列宁主义的指引下,中国共产党借鉴巴黎公社和十月革命历史经验,为创建本土化的人民政权进行了艰苦探索,最终建立了人民当家作主的中华人民共和国,创造了适合中国国情的人民代表大会制度,为党领导人民进一步发展和升华人民民主奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础.

Democracy in China is people's democracy,and the essence and core of Chinese democracy should be that the people are masters of the country.Marx and Engels analyzed the Paris Commune using scientific socialism and believed that the Commune was essentially the government of the working class,which realized"the people managing their own affairs."Lenin emphasized the people's nature of the Commune government in the Russian Revolution and established a new Soviet power in Russia following the model of the Paris Commune.Guided by Marxism-Leninism,the Communist Party of China drew lessons from the historical experience of the Paris Commune and the October Revolution,and embarked on arduous explorations to create a localized people's power.Eventually,the People's Republic of China was founded,where the people are masters of the country.China has developed the system of People's Congresses that suits its national conditions,providing a fundamental political premise and institutional foundation for the Party to lead the people in further advancing and elevating people's democracy.