44份流苏树种质资源种实性状综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Seed and Fruit Traits in 44 Chionanthus retusus Germplasm Resources

为筛选具有优良种实性状的流苏树种质,构建流苏树种质资源种实性状评价体系,本研究对44份流苏树种质资源的12个种实表型性状、树高和胸径指标进行研究,对各种实表型性状的分布规律进行分析。结果表明,14个性状的变异系数为9.00%~45.00%,均值20.13%,遗传多样性指标(H′)为1.69~2.07,均值为1.96,存在丰富的变异;相关性分析结果表明,14个性状中,实壳比与出仁率呈极显著正相关,这表明实壳比越大,出仁率越高。种壳厚度和出仁率呈极显著负相关,种壳厚度越厚出仁率越低。聚类分析结果显示,44份流苏树种质资源可分为4个组,流苏树的种实表型遗传变异表现出不连续性和不稳定性,具有随机变异的特点;主成分分析结果表明,T-8的综合评价最好,其次为G-8,WS-2的综合评价较低。逐步回归分析筛选出3个性状,可作为流苏树种实评价指标,即果实纵径、种子横径、出仁率。

In order to screen the germplasm of Chionanthus retusus with excellent seed and fruit characters,the evaluation system for seed and fruit characters of Chionanthus retusus germplasm resources was constructed.The phenotypic traits,tree height and DBH of 12 species in 44 germplasm resources of Chionanthus retusus were studied,and the distribution of various phenotypic traits was analysed.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 14 traits ranged from 9.00%to 45.00%,with an average of 20.13%,and the genetic diversity index(H′)ranged from 1.69 to 2.07,with an average of 1.96,showing abundant variation.Correlation analysis showed that the ratio of solid shell was positively significantly correlated with yield of 14 traits,indicating that the larger the ratio of solid shell was,the higher the yield was.There was a significant negative correlation between seed shell thickness and yield.The thicker the seed shell thickness,the lower the yield.The results of cluster analysis showed that the 44 germplasm resources of Chionanthus retusus could be divided into four groups.The genetic variation of the species phenotype of Chionanthus retusus showed discontinuity and instability,and had the characteristics of random variation.The results of principal component analysis showed that T-8 had the best comprehensive evaluation,followed by G-8,and WS-2 had the lower comprehensive evaluation.Three traits were selected by stepwise regression analysis,which could be used as evaluation indexes for germplasm resources of Chionanthus retusus,namely,longitudinal diameter of fruit,transverse diameter of seed and yield.