全域旅游背景下资源型城市的乡村旅游发展路径探索:以临汾市为例

Development path of rural tourism in resource-based cities under the background of global tourism:a case study of Linfen City

乡村旅游是推进资源型城市持续健康发展、实现乡村振兴的有效途径。本文以典型资源型城市临汾为例,阐释全域旅游背景下乡村旅游优化发展的产业、空间、管理和旅游4种转向,并对旅游业驱动乡村振兴的过程和实践模式进行分析,探讨资源型城市乡村旅游的发展路径和机制。结果表明:(1)临汾市产业由第二产业向以旅游业为主的第三产业转型,空间上农业用地适度向旅游建设用地转化,管理由传统粗放模式向现代企业制度发展,旅游由单一要素向多元要素转变;(2)临汾市探索出乡村旅游实践模式,即明确定位,重塑旅游形象,发挥龙头景区带动作用,探索发展工业旅游,重建乡村生态环境,协调推进城乡融合,实现乡村振兴;(3)乡村旅游从农业、农村和农民3个维度推动了乡村振兴的进程。资源型城市乡村发展亟需转型,资源型城市乡村应注重旅游形象的重塑,明确自身定位,开发新型特色旅游资源,构建本地完整旅游产业链条,以谋求乡村旅游业可持续发展。

Rural tourism becomes an effective way to promote the sustainable and healthy development of resource-based cities and realize the revitalization of rural areas.Four transforms during rural tourism development process,i.e.,the transform related to industry,space,management and tourism elements were analyzed under the background of global tourism,and the mode and development mechanism were discussed to provide a new idea for resource-based cities to promote the rural development in rural areas by taking Linfen City as a typical example.The results show that:(1)the transformation of tourism elements involves the following aspects,the spatial transformation is reflected in the transformation of agricultural land into the tourism construction land,a modern enterprise system is established in the tourism industry,the improvement of transportation connects cities and villages,the continuous development of management is transformed to a modern corporate system,and the transformation of tourism elements from single elements to multiple ones enriches the tourism contents.(2)In the case of the development model for rural tourism,a general village development model was established in Linfen City,thereby clarifying its position and rebranding its tourism industry,giving full play to its leading role of as scenic spots,exploring its industrial tourism,rebuilding its rural ecology,coordinating its urban and rural development,and realizing its rural revitalization.(3)Rural tourism promotes rural revitalization from three dimensions,i.e.,agriculture,farmers and countryside.In the future,the countryside of resource-based cities is in urgent need of transformation,and the region should focus on shaping its tourism image,develop new tourism resources,and construct the local tourism industry chain.