不同碳氮比对尖椒秸秆好氧堆肥效果的影响

Effect of Different C/N Ratio on Aerobic Composting of Pepper Straw

以尖椒秸秆和鸡粪为堆肥原料,研究不同碳氮比(C/N)对秸秆好氧堆肥的影响,探究有利于作物生长的堆肥最佳C/N.本试验共设置C/N分别为20∶1、25∶1、30∶1、35∶1和40∶1的五个处理,测定堆肥过程中的温度变化,检测发酵第0、1、3、7、14、21、30、40、50天堆肥的总碳、总氮、速效氮钾和交换性钙的含量.结果表明,C/N为25∶1的堆肥发酵时最高温度为67.8℃,50℃以上维持的时间达到9 d,有效消除有害物质,基本实现腐熟.该处理在发酵21 d后,速效钾含量达到所有处理的最大值(5.19%),交换性钙的含量在发酵30 d后也始终高于其他处理,腐熟度最高.综合判断,尖椒秸秆堆肥在C/N为25∶1时发酵效果最好,适宜作物生长.该方法有助于农业废弃物的有益处理,为无土栽培技术的发展奠定基础.

In this study,pepper straw and chicken manure were applied as composting materials to study the effects of different carbon and nitrogen ratios(C/N)on aerobic composting of straw and to explore the optimal C/N for crop-friendly compost.Five treatments with C/N ratios of 20∶1,25∶1,30∶1,35∶1,and 40∶1 respectively were set up to measure the temperature changes during the composting process,and to detect the contents of total carbon,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,potassium,and exchangeable calcium in the composting on the 0,1st,3rd,7th,14th,21st,30th,40th,and 50th day of fermentation.The results showed that the maximum temperature of the compost fermentation with C/N ratio of 25∶1 was 67.8℃,and the duration above 50℃reached 9 days,which effectively eliminated harmful substances and achieved decomposition.After 21 days of fermentation,the content of available potassium(5.19%)reached the maximum of all treatments.After 30 days of fermentation,the content of exchangeable calcium was always higher than that of the other treatments,and the degree of maturation was the highest.Taken together,the fermentation effect of pepper straw compost was the best when the C/N ratio was 25∶1,which is suitable for crop growth.This method contributes to the beneficial disposal of agricultural waste and lays a foundation for the development of soilless culture.