农村宅基地制度改革的实践、问题与对策——以贵州湄潭县为例

贵州省湄潭县自启动宅基地制度改革以来,在当地探索“收”“分”“退”“转”的改革路径取得一定的成效,但也存在一些问题,如宅基地所有权虚置、有偿退出闲置宅基地的积极性不高、缺乏对宅基地流转风险的有效监督机制等。因此,今后的改革应在“三权分置”框架下充分发挥农村集体经济组织的作用,深化宅基地市场准入制度改革,建立全过程跟踪监督机制,提高基层组织的治理能力。

Since the reform of the homestead system was launched in Meitan County,Guizhou Province,it has achieved certain results in exploring the reform path of"collecting","dividing","retreating"and"transforming",but there are still some problems.For example,the ownership of homestead is empty,the enthusiasm of paid withdrawal from idle homestead is not high,and there is a lack of effective supervision mechanism for the risk of homestead circulation.Therefore,the future reform should give full play to the role of rural collective economic organizations under the framework of"separation of powers",deepen the reform of homestead market access system,establish the whole process tracking and supervision mechanism,and improve the governance ability of grass-roots organizations.