胃内占容装置减重的研究进展

Progress in the study of intragastric occupancy device for weight reduction

肥胖是全球公共健康问题,给社会带来沉重的经济负担。目前肥胖症的主要治疗方式包括生活方式干预、药物治疗、内镜下治疗和代谢手术治疗。随着医疗技术的发展,以胃内球囊和胃内胶囊为代表的胃内占容装置的减重方式逐渐兴起。胃内球囊通过填充不同体积的气体或液体的球囊占据胃内体积来减重,其中ReShape、Orbera、Obalon、Elipse和Spatz球囊凭借无创、安全性高、可重复使用的优势逐步应用于轻、中度肥胖患者。胃内胶囊通过一过性超吸水膨胀和完全无创的凝胶来减重,被推荐在超重和肥胖患者中使用。两种方式通过限制胃容量,增加饱腹感,减少食物摄入,达到减重目的。尽管患者存在恶心、呕吐、腹胀等相关消化道不良事件,但其为临床无创治疗肥胖症提供了新的思路。

Obesity is a global public health problem that imposes a heavy economic burden on society.The current main strategies for treating obesity include lifestyle interventions,pharmacological treatments,endoscopic treatments and metabolic surgery.With the development of medical technology,weight reduction by intragastric occupancy devices represented by intragastric balloons and intragastric capsules are gradually emerging.Intragastric balloons are used to reduce weight by occupying the volume of the stomach with balloons filled with different volumes of gas or liquid,among which ReShape,Orbera,Obalon,Elipse and Spatz balloons are gradually used in patients with mild to moderate obesity due to their non-invasive,high safety and reusable advantages.Intragastric capsules are recommended in overweight and obese patients for weight loss through hydrogels with transient superabsorbent swelling properties and completely noninvasive.Both approaches achieve weight loss by limiting gastric volume,increasing satiety and reducing food intake.Despite the presence of adverse gastrointestinal events associated with nausea,vomiting,and abdominal distention,they offer new ideas for the non-invasive clinical treatment of obesity.