国民政府时期贵州救济院研究(1929-1944)

A Research on Relief Institute of Guizhou Province in Nationalist Government Period from 1929 to 1944

救济院是国民政府收容和救助老人、孤儿、残疾人等的机构。灾害与战争等致救济需求增加,促进贵州救济院创建,政府推动使其有所发展。地方政府参与救济院管理,拨款、发放义仓积谷助其开展工作,但款项不能满足需要,故田土租金、租谷、社会捐款、绝产、经营作坊等也是救济院重要的经费来源。国民政府时期贵州救济院救济了部分民众,一定程度上促进了基础教育、社会风尚发展,为经济增添了活力,稳固了后方支援了抗战,但仍存在很大局限。

The poorhouse was an institution set up by the Nationalist Government to take in and help the elderly,orphans,and disabled and so on.The increasing demand for relief caused by natural disasters and wars promoted the establishment of Guizhou Relief Institute,and the government promoted its development.The local government participated in the management of the almshouse,allocated funds,and distributed donated storehouses and grain to help them carry out their work,but the funds could not meet the needs.Therefore,the almshouse received land rent,grain rent,social donations,lagacy without rightful heirs,and operating workshops,which were also important sources of funds.During the period of the National Government,Guizhou Almsgiving relief to some people promoted basic education to a certain extent,developed social fashion,added vitality to the economy,stabilized the rear and supported the war of resistance,but there were still great limitations.