林语堂译创行为研究——以《孔子的智慧》为个案

On Lin Yutang’s Transcreation——A Case Study of The Wisdom of Confucius

林语堂先生对外传播中国文化的异语创作在世界范围内独树一帜,既不同于传统的二元翻译,又不是纯粹的写作,而是翻译与写作的交合,充分彰显了其作为创作者及译者所享有的自由度和创造力。而“译创”亦是翻译与创造的相互融合,尤以“创造”为核心。本文试图从“译创”的理论视角考察林语堂在创作《孔子的智慧》中的翻译行为,考证其创作本书的宏观策略以及确认其所采用的微观翻译技巧是否符合“译创”的属性及特点。通过分析和比较《孔子的智慧》一书的英译本和对应的中文本的案例发现,林语堂在创作这本书中所采用的宏观策略是以目标文本为导向,其所采用的中观编译策略下的增译、省略、改写等具体翻译手段正是“译创”理论所展现的特征。因此,林语堂在创作《孔子的智慧》时的各种操纵属于译创行为。本文的研究结果丰富了“译创”理论的内涵意义、拓展了对林语堂的研究空间以及为中国文化走出去提供了新的视角。

Lin Yutang’s composition through foreign language to spread Chinese culture is unique in the world,which is neither the traditional binary translation nor the pure writing,but the combination of translation and writing,fully demonstrating the freedom and creativity he enjoys as a composer and translator.“Transcreation”is undoubtedly the integration of both translation and creation,especially with“creation”as the core content.This paper attempts to investigate Lin Yutang’s translation in The Wisdom of Confucius from the perspective of transcreation theory,and to determine Lin Yutang’s macro strategy in composing this book and clarify the micro translation techniques used are in line with the attributes and characteristics of transcreation.Through analysis and comparison,it is concluded that the macro strategy Lin Yutang adopted is target text-oriented,the“adaptation”strategy with such specific skills as expansion,omission and rewriting are in line with the characteristics of“transcreation”theory.Therefore,Lin Yutang’s manipulations in composing The Wisdom of Confucius belongs to transcreation.The research results of this paper is conducive to enriching the connotation and significance of transcreation theory,expanding the research on Lin Yutang,and providing a new perspective for Chinese culture going abroad.