医护人员对慢性病患者医务社会工作服务认知及需求的质性研究

Health care workers'perceptions and needs for medical social work services for patients with chronic diseases:a qualitative study

目的:了解某三级甲等医院医护人员对慢性病患者医务社会工作服务的认知及需求,为更有效地在临床开展慢性病患者医务社会工作服务提供参考。方法:采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,于2021年9月—10月使用目的抽样法选取广州市某三级甲等医院从事慢性病相关专科工作的12名医护人员进行“一对一”半结构式深入访谈,采取Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料分析。结果:从访谈结果中提炼出4个主题:医护人员认同慢性病患者医务社会工作服务介入临床的重要性;对医务社会工作的认知不足;对慢性病患者医务社工角色的期待;临床合作实践中存在的阻碍因素。结论:医护人员对慢性病患者医务社会工作认识不足,但都表现出对开展慢性病患者医务社会工作服务的肯定,建议改善慢性病患者医务社会工作服务的基础条件,加强宣传力度,提高医护人员的认知水平,在资源有限的情况下,双方应积极克服现实因素,努力创造条件,共同推进慢性病患者医务社会工作服务临床实践的开展。

Objective:To understand the perception and needs of medical social work services for patients with chronic diseases in health care workers of a tertiary grade A hospital.Methods:From September to October 2021,12 health care workers with the expertise of chronic diseases in a tertiary grade A hospital in Guangzhou were recruited using a purposive sampling.The"one-to-one"semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted and the data were analyzed using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results:A total of 4 themes were extracted from the interview data:healthcare professionals'agreement on the importance of clinical intervention of medical social work services for patients with chronic illnesses;inadequate knowledge of medical social work;expectations and needs of the role of medical social workers for patients with chronic illnesses;barriers in the practice of clinical collaboration.Conclusion:The knowledge of medical social work services for patients with chronic diseases is insufficient in health care professionals,however,all health professionals support such services for patients with chronic diseases.It is suggested to improve the primary infrastructures of the medical social work services,promote recognition of the services,and increase the knowledge level of health care professionals.Both health care professionals and social workers should work together to overcome barriers and promote the clinical practice of medical social work services under the limited resources.