北京市东城区22所医疗机构护理质量管理现状及护士需求调查

Current status of nursing quality management and nurses'needs in 22 medical institutions in Dongcheng district of Beijing

目的:调查北京市东城区医疗机构护理质量管理现状和临床护士的培训及指导需求。方法:便利选取北京市22所医疗机构的护理管理者和护士进行问卷调查。结果:50.0%的医疗机构采用三级护理质量管理组织架构体系,90.9%的医疗机构已成立护理管理委员会或小组,但仅59.1%的医疗机构有多部门共同参与;90.9%的医疗机构具备基础护理和护理管理质量评价标准,仅63.6%的医疗机构具备专科护理质量评价标准;72.7%的医疗机构制定了鼓励不良事件主动上报的激励机制,63.6%的医疗机构对预警案例进行分析;81.8%的医疗机构督导结果与绩效挂钩。临床护士多需要专科护理操作(60.3%)和护理急救技术(62.1%)等内容的培训,培训频率多为每季度1次(43.0%),培训方式主要为线上授课(89.9%)。结论:北京市各级医疗机构护理质量管理体系不断发展,管理者需要在专科护理质量评价标准、不良事件管理等方面进一步完善,并了解临床护士需求,制定有针对性的培训计划和督导方法,以促进护理质量持续改进。

Objective:To investigate the current status of nursing quality management and the needs of clinical nurses in 22 medical institutions in Dongcheng district,Beijing.Methods:This cross-sectional study surveyed 22 nursing managers and 3221 clinical nurses from 22 medical institutions in Dongcheng district using a self-designed questionnaire.Results:Half of medical institutions investigated had adopted the 3-level nursing quality management organization system.90.9%had set up their own nursing quality committees or teams,but only 59.1%had multi-department participation.More than 90%had established evaluation criteria for basic nursing and nursing management quality with only 63.6%having the evaluation criteria referring to specialist nursing quality.72.7%had developed incentive systems for active reporting of adverse events,yet only 63.6%would analyze early warning cases.81.8%of the institutions linked the results of supervision to nurses'performance.As to nurses'needs,more training in specific nursing skills(60.3%)and emergency technique(62.1%)were anticipated.43.0%of the nurses welcomed such training once a quarter,and 89.9%of them prefered online teaching.Conclusion:Nursing managers need to further improve the evaluation criteria of specialist nursing practice quality and adverse event management.In order to promote the continuous improvement of nursing quality,more heed should be paid to the needs of clinical nurses to develop targeted training plans and supervision methods.