船舶驶入复杂闸室的全过程数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of the Whole Process of a Ship Towed into the Complex Lock

采用基于OpenFOAM自主开发的求解器naoe-FOAM-SJTU,针对某8 000 t集散两用船进行了从开阔水域航行进入闸室的全过程数值模拟。数值计算时采用非定常雷诺平均方程(URANS)求解黏性流场和重叠网格技术模拟船舶运动。分别开展了不释放进闸船舶自由度和释放升沉及纵摇自由度两种工况的数值模拟,结合两种工况下船舶的水动力性能、自由面、船体表面动压力分布及涡量场,对船舶航行进入闸室的全过程进行了深入分析。结果显示,受闸室壁面限制,船舶进入闸室后阻力会有一个明显的上升趋势,船体出现下沉现象。阻力峰值出现在0.5~0.75倍船长进入闸室时,此时是进闸的危险时刻。研究表明,相关数值方法能够适用于船舶进闸问题的数值模拟,并为复杂闸室中船舶航行条件模拟提供了参考。

In this paper,the whole process of an 8000t ship entering the lock from the open water is simulated.The main work uses the CFD solver naoe-FOAM-SJTU,which is a self-developed solver based on OpenFOAM.In numerical simulation,the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS)approach is used to solve the viscous flow field,and the overset grid technology is used to simulate the ship motion.In the present research,the heave and pitch motion of the ship are taken into consideration.Combined with the hydrodynamic performance of the hull,free surface,dynamic pressure distribution on the hull and vortex structures,the whole process of the ship towed into the complex lock is deeply analyzed.The results show that the resistance of the ship when it enters the lock will have an obvious upward trend and the squat phenomenon occurs due to the limitation of the ship-lock interaction.The peak value of the drag force occurs when 0.5~0.75 times ship length enters the lock,which is a dangerous time.The research demonstrates that the relevant numerical methods can be applied to the numerical simulation of the issue ship entering the lock and provide a reference for the simulation of ship navigation conditions in the complex ship lock.